Molecular detection of vancomycin and methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food processing environments

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known foodborne pathogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of S. aureus isolated from serving utensils in food processing environments in Mymensingh city, Bangladesh and to determine their antibiogram and resistance determinants. A total of 120 environmental samples were collected from different food settings. Isolation and identification were conducted using conventional biochemical tests. Molecular identification of isolates and detection of methicillin and vancomycin resistance were done using primer-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting Tuf , nuc , mecA , and mecC genes. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed, and resistance genes were also detected by amplifying bla TEM , vanA, vanB, and vanC genes. Among the 120 samples, 81 (67.5%) were positive for Staphylococcus spp. and 41 (50.62%) were positive for the nuc -gene. Among the 41 isolates, 5 (12.20%) were positive for mecA , but none were positive for the mecC gene. A total of 12.2% of the isolates were vanC -positive, of which 4 isolates (9.76%) were also positive for the mecA gene. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed that all S. aureus isolates (100%) from hotel samples were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol, 90.32% were sensitive to doxycycline, and 80.65% were sensitive to streptomycin. Conversely, all isolates (100%) were resistant to ampicillin, and 29.03% were resistant to vancomycin. All S. aureus isolates obtained from non-hotel samples were susceptible to chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, meropenem, and vancomycin; however, 40% of isolates were resistant to novobiocin. Among the hotel isolates, 29 (93.55%) of the ampicillin-resistant isolates harbored the blaTEM gene while 5 (55.55%) of the vancomycin-resistant isolates harbored the vanC gene. Four of the five vanC positive isolates were also positive for the mecA gene. The presence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) which is also vancomycin-resistant in food processing environments is a threat to public health. This is the first report on the molecular detection of methicillin and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus isolated from food processing environments in Bangladesh.

New 1,3,4-oxadiazole compound with effective antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus

“…Antimicrobial‐resistant S. aureus strains have been detected in food of animal origin and from food handlers (Grace and Fetsch 2018; Shahid et al . 2021), thereby creating an urgent need for new antimicrobial agents.…”

Antibacterial activity of plant essential oils against indigenously characterized methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

“…Plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and after incubation, clear zone of inhibition was measured in millimeter by ruler. Zones of inhibition were marked as sensitive, resistant or intermediate by comparing with CLSI-2020 manual (Shahid et al, 2021).…”

Biodegradation of Polylactic Acid-Based Bio Composites Reinforced with Chitosan and Essential Oils as Anti-Microbial Material for Food Packaging

“…The attachment of S. aureus to surfaces depends on the surface components of the bacterial microbes recognizing the adhesive matrix molecules for host proteins. To prevent the attachment of S. aureus to a surface through the matrix, the surface must be coated with anti-adhesion agents such as arylrhodamins, calcium chelators, silver nanoparticles, and chitosan [37][38][39]. anti-adhesion agents such as arylrhodamins, calcium chelators, silver nanoparticles, and chitosan [37][38][39].…”

“…To prevent the attachment of S. aureus to a surface through the matrix, the surface must be coated with anti-adhesion agents such as arylrhodamins, calcium chelators, silver nanoparticles, and chitosan [37][38][39]. anti-adhesion agents such as arylrhodamins, calcium chelators, silver nanoparticles, and chitosan [37][38][39]. Bacteria adhere to surfaces in the form of a biofilm; therefore, one of the procedures that can prevent S. aureus pathogenesis is to prevent it from adhering to biotic and abiotic surfaces.…”