Molecular diagnostics and genotyping of MRSA: an update

Witt, René te; Belkum, Alex van; Leeuwen, Willem B. van

doi:10.1586/erm.10.34

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The introduction of these modern technologies in the microbiological laboratories is still slow, because of the traditionally well-established conventional identification methods. However, many traditional methods require days to properly identify certain pathogens, whereas modern molecular methods, in addition to being much faster, display also an improved sensitivity and specificity (te Witt et al, 2010). For the fast and specific detection of pathogens directly from sample material, a specific PCR assay is the state-of-the-art method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular typing of bacteria for epidemiological surveillance and outbreak investigation / Molekulare Typisierung von Bakterien für die epidemiologische Überwachung und Ausbruchsabklärung

Ruppitsch

2016

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

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SummaryConstant confrontations with microbial threats pose major challenges to human and animal health, agricultural and food production, and public safety. Identifying pathogenic bacteria (species) and tracking strains (by series of well-characterized isolates) to their sources are especially important in outbreak investigations. Compared to the identification of the species, the identification of the source and spread of microbial infections represents a major-and many times futile-challenge. This is due to the multitude of ways microorganisms can occur and spread within healthcare facilities and in the community; how, when, and where they can contaminate the complex nutrition chain, leading to natural and man-made outbreaks. Typing is the characterization of isolates or strains below species or subspecies level. Typing of bacterial isolates is an essential procedure to identify the microbe causing the illness or to track down an outbreak to the suspected source. In the genomic era, the introduction of molecular methods has largely replaced phenotypic methods and "molecular epidemiology" has emerged as a new discipline. The current molecular typing methods can be classified into three categories: (a) PCR-based methods, (b) DNA fragment analysis-based methods, and (c) DNA sequence-based methods, including the new exciting era of high-throughput genome sequencing. Keywords

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular typing of bacteria for epidemiological surveillance and outbreak investigation / Molekulare Typisierung von Bakterien für die epidemiologische Überwachung und Ausbruchsabklärung

Ruppitsch

2016

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

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“…During the last few years, various in-house and commercialized NATs have been introduced for the detection of MRSA [42], with clear benefits over non-NATs, in particular, a reduced time to identification and an improved sensitivity and specificity. Real-time PCR tests targeting S. aureus specific genes such as nuc, spa or fem in combination with the mec genes are considered as the 'gold standards' for MRSA confirmation.…”

Section: Nucleic-acid Based Detection Of Mrsamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Real-time PCR tests targeting S. aureus specific genes such as nuc, spa or fem in combination with the mec genes are considered as the 'gold standards' for MRSA confirmation. To date, several in-house tests and commercialized assays, utilizing this detection strategy, have been described in the literature (Table 1) [42][43][44][45][46]. One such test was described recently by Pasanen et al [43].…”

Section: Nucleic-acid Based Detection Of Mrsamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With NGS, organisms can already be accurately identified and strain-typed for outbreak or transmission analyses [79][80][81]. Also, screening of numerous virulence factors and the prediction of resistance characteristics in the bacterium are now possible [42,82]. As the cost of NGS has decreased and small-scale sequencing machines enable short turnaround time, it has become an attractive alternative for use in routine diagnostics.…”

Section: Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Molecular Methods for the Detection and Identification of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

Hirvonen¹

2014

Biomark. Med.

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen in many hospitals and long-term care facilities as well as in the community. To limit the spread of MRSA, early detection and proper treatment are essential. Because conventional culture as gold standard is time consuming, new techniques such as PCR-based and hybridization assays have emerged for the rapid detection of MRSA. This review will focus on the currently available molecular-based assays and on their utility and performance for detection of S. aureus, of its virulence factors and of the markers for acquired resistance.

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“…This complexity hampers our understanding of the pathophysiology of S. aureus infection, and it interferes with the development of adequate diagnostic tools and effective (passive) vaccines. A broad variety of diagnostic tools is available 20, but their optimal use in the diagnostic and therapeutic or prophylactic process is still rarely reported 21. However, decolonization strategies do prevent auto‐infection to a large extent and, even in the absence of vaccines, this may be a useful strategy to prevent infection 21.…”

Section: Portrait Of a “Superbug”mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune proteomics of Staphylococcus aureus

Bröker

Belkum

2011

Proteomics

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Immune proteomics is an increasingly powerful tool for the investigation of the adaptive immune response to natural encounters between micro-organisms and their hosts. The versatile species Staphylococcus aureus serves to illustrate how these techniques can be employed to appreciate the complexity and diversity of the host-pathogen interactions in unprecedented detail and completeness. Such knowledge is important for the development of effective vaccines as well as informative diagnostic and novel therapeutic tools. From high-resolution immune proteome studies, general rules underlying the human adaptive immune response to S. aureus colonization and infection are beginning to emerge against a background of extreme diversity: S. aureus carriers develop immune memory for their colonizing strain, but even non-carriers are frequently exposed to S. aureus, resulting in specific antibodies. During bacterial invasion, immune-competent individuals rapidly mount an antibody response to a large panel of S. aureus antigens. However, every patient starts from a personal baseline antibody profile reflecting his or her history of encounters with S. aureus.

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Molecular diagnostics and genotyping of MRSA: an update

Cited by 20 publications

References 64 publications

Molecular typing of bacteria for epidemiological surveillance and outbreak investigation / Molekulare Typisierung von Bakterien für die epidemiologische Überwachung und Ausbruchsabklärung

Molecular typing of bacteria for epidemiological surveillance and outbreak investigation / Molekulare Typisierung von Bakterien für die epidemiologische Überwachung und Ausbruchsabklärung

The Use of Molecular Methods for the Detection and Identification of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

Immune proteomics of Staphylococcus aureus

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