Molecular Doping of Electrochemically Prepared Triazine-Based Carbon Nitride by 2,4,6-Triaminopyrimidine for Improved Photocatalytic Properties

Abstract

Copolymerization of melamine with 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine (TAP) in an electrochemically induced polymerization process leads to the formation of molecular doped poly(triazine imide) (PTI). The polymerization is based on the electrolysis of water and evolving radicals during this process. The incorporation of TAP is shown by techniques such as elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopies, and powder X-ray diffraction, and it is shown that the carbon content can be tuned by the variation of the molar ratio of the two precursors. This incorporation of TAP directly influences the electronic structure of PTI and as a result, a red shift can be observed in UV–vis spectroscopy. The smaller band gap and the increased absorption in the visible range lead to improved photocatalytic properties. In dye degradation experiments, it was possible to observe an increase of the rate of the degradation of methylene blue by a factor of 4 in comparison to undoped PTI or 7 if compared to melon.

Unveiling the complex configurational landscape of the intralayer cavities in a crystalline carbon nitride

“…PTI/LiCl has garnered intense interest for its photocatalytic activity and utility in solar energy conversion. This includes as a photocatalyst for the reduction of water to dihydrogen, [6][7][8][9][10][11] and/or for the oxidation of water to dioxygen when its surface is loaded with a Pt and/or CoO x co-catalyst. 7 It has also been investigated as a photocatalyst for the degradation of organic dyes in wastewater, 12 and for use as a counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells.…”

Counterion chemistry of 5-halo (X: Cl, Br, I)-uracil derived carbon nitride: unlocking enhanced photocatalytic performance

“…For example, hetero-elements (metal or non-metal) or π-molecular doping can be applied to modulate the surface and bulk characteristics of PCN. Likewise, π-molecular doping of PCN with aromatic functional groups including phenyl, 5 pyridine, 6 pyrimidine, 7 pyrazine, 8 thiazole, 9 benzothiazole, 10 caffeine, 11 nucleotides (adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, and thymine), 12 and thiophene, 13 is known to tailor the photo response and enhance photoactivity. This approach enables tuning of electronic energy levels, exciton migration behaviour, and microstructure of PCN, ultimately enhancing its photocatalytic performance.…”

Ethanol Upgrading ton-Butanol Using Transition-Metal-Incorporated Poly(triazine)imide Frameworks

“…Similar two-dimensional materials are used for electron transports, and the effects of chemical alterations to the surfaces of these materials have been examined with respect to the electronics and reactivity of the materials. − The presence of removable Li + cations in the framework of PTI-LiCl also provides access to PTI materials with other metal cations which could further be probed for catalytic activity. Finally, carbon nitrides are known to have photocatalytic − and electrocatalytic properties, and thus, this 2-D framework may be amenable to be incorporated with semiconductors in the future.…”