Molecular engineering of nanoscale order in organic electro-optic glasses

Supramolecular self-assembly structures and properties of zwitterionic squaraine molecules

“…For experimentally verifying the molecular designs above, three amphiphilic squaraine dyes (2a, 2b and 2c) were synthesized via a one-step reaction according to our reports before 6,9,10 using aniline derivatives and squaric acid as raw materials at a molar feed ratio of 2 : l. All the objective compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1 H NMR and elemental analysis and satisfactory analysis data corresponding to their molecular structures were obtained (seeing the experiment section).…”

“…Organic optical materials have attracted extensive attention owing to the advantage of their improved solution processability, facile and scalable synthesis, and tunable chemical and physical properties via molecular design. [1][2][3] Among all the optical materials identified, squaraine dyes are a particularly promising one widely applied in nonlinear optics, 4 lightemitting diodes, 5 chemosensors, 6,7 bio-imaging, 8 solar cells 9 etc. because of their intense absorption properties (e ¢ 10 5 L mol 21 cm 21 ) from red to near-IR region.…”

Copper-catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition reactions used to incorporate NLO chromophores into high Tg Side-Chain Polymers for Electro-Optics

“…Lots of organic NLO materials have been prepared in the recent years and some of them show us large EO coefficients above 200 pm/V, but there are still some problems hindering their practical application in the future: the contradiction between large electro-optic coefficient and oriental stability was the most important one. Now, most of the large EO coefficients reported are measured in guest host systems, Strong intermolecular dipole induced interaction and weak binding effect of polymer chains make the NLO materials with weak oriental stability [8][9][10][11]. Through attaching NLO chromophores to polymers as side chain is considered as an effective way to increase the materials' oriental stability, efficiency of the attaching reaction, effect of byproduct on communication light and materials' optical stability all hindered the development of side chain EO polymers.…”

Synthesis and characterization of main‐chain, second‐order, nonlinear optical polyurethanes with isolation moieties and zigzag structures

“…In past decades, organic second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have attracted wide interest for their potential applications in high‐speed electrooptic modulators, optical switches, and frequency converters . Compared to the commercial lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ), polymeric NLO materials possessed a lot of advantages, including a large NLO effect, low cost, fast response time, high bandwidth, small driving voltage, and easy device fabrication .…”