Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Korea in 2000.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The genetic relatedness of 7 Korean type O field strains of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in clinical specimens collected from 5 different geographic locations in 2000 was investigated. The sequence of 162 nucleotides (nt 478-639) at the 3' end of the 1D (VP1) genes was determined from amplified cDNA fragments, and subjected to the analysis for the sequence identity/diverge nce and phylogenetic relationship. The overall nucleotide sequence divergence among the 7 field strains was 0 to 3.8%, suggesting t hat they are closely related to each other. Phylogenetic analysis with the known Middle East-South Asia (ME-SA) topotype strains showed that the 7 Korean field strains formed two distinct clusters within the same lineage of the ME-SA topotype strains. Cluster 1 consisted of the strains of the primary foci of infection (Paju and Hongseong), and closely related to the strains prevailed in the Far East. Cluster 2 comprised those of subsequently affected regions (Boryeong, Yongin, and Chungju), and was further diverged from the Cluster 1. The result of phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Korean strains may have evolved from a common ancestor of the Pan Asia strains, and that at least 2 phylogenetically clustered variants within the same lineage were prevalent during the epidemic. The potential origin and sources of the virus introduction to Korea were discussed. KEY WORDS: foot and mouth disease, molecular epidemiology, serotype O.

Investigation of foot-and mouth disease outbreak in a pig farm at Kollam district of Kerala, India

“…Various other modes of virus transmission have also been documented in pigs. Recent examples include an outbreak in a South African pig farm in 2000 due to swill feeding (Sutmoller et al, 2003;Kitching et al, 2005); spread of FMD during the 2001 UK outbreak involving a swill-fed pig unit (Sutmoller et al, 2003;Kitching et al, 2005;Paton et al, 2009); feeding of contraband abattoir offal to pigs reared in close proximity to cattle causing the outbreak in Uruguay (Sutmoller et al, 2003); imported straw assumed to be the source of FMD in Korea in 2000 (Shin et al, 2003) and in Japan in 2000 (Sugiura et al, 2001). However, in the present case, most of the workers in the pig farm residing in the nearby villages reared their own cattle.…”

Outbreaks and Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Serotype O in the Republic of Korea, April-June 2010

“…Since 1990, many countries in Asia have been affected by the Middle East–South Asia (ME‐SA) topotype, PanAsia lineage type O foot‐and‐mouth disease viruses (FMDVs) of (Knowles et al., ). Korea has been previously affected, in 2000 and 2002, by foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks involving of ME‐SA/PanAsia type O (Shin et al., ,b; Wee et al., , ). Other serotypes, in particular, serotype Asia 1, which first appeared in China in 2005, spread to Mongolia, North Korea and Russia, triggering speculation that this group of viruses might spread to other Asian countries.…”

Application of mouse model for effective evaluation of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine

“…In addition, each serotypes has numerous subtypes [6]. Hence, in countries where FMD occurs in various districts, it is difficult to select FMD vaccines that will be effective across these regions [7,8].…”