Molecular Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis Viruses in Ismailia, Egypt

Youssef, Ahmed I.; Yano, Yoshihiko; Utsumi, Takako; El-alah, Essam Mohamed Mohamed abd; El-Hameed, Alaa El-een Saad abd; Serwah, Adel El-Hamid Ahmed; Hayashi, Yoshitake

doi:10.1159/000219385

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…In Ismailia, using direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the HCV NS5B gene, 15 cases (78.9%) were subtype 4a, two(10.5%) were subtype 1g, and one (5.2%) was related to subtype 4o (24). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Sequence-Based Genotyping Analysis of Patients From the Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Fakhr¹,

Pourkarim²,

Maes³

et al. 2013

Hepat Mon

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BackgroundChronic hepatitis C virus infection and its sequela are major health problems facing the Egyptian community. The high prevalence and spread rates of the disease require serious actions to stop or decrease these rates. Determination of HCV genotypes and subgenotypes adds significant knowledge about the epidemiology of the disease, and provides an added value in the decision making process of what strategy to follow and what therapy response to expect. The molecular epidemiology and genetic variability of HCV variants circulating in Egypt still need further analysis.ObjectivesThe study was held to evaluate the genotype and subgenotype of the hepatitis c virus circulating in Sharkia as one of the large governorates of Egypt, which was not included in any study for genotyping of the virus before.Patients and MethodsThe HCV molecular epidemiology in Sharkia governorate was studied using direct sequencing and further phylogenetic analysis of a partial NS5B region of the HCV genome from 63 patients. HCV genotype and subtype were successfully determined in 62 out of 63 patients.ResultsThe highest prevalent genotype was genotype 4a, which was found in 57 patients (92%) followed by 2 isolates (3%) with genotype 4o, 2 strains (3%) with genotype 1g and one isolate (2%) with genotype 4n.ConclusionsThis molecular epidemiology study revealed high prevalence of HCV genotype 4, subtype 4a among Egyptian patients residing in Sharkia governorate, Egypt.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Sequence-Based Genotyping Analysis of Patients From the Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Fakhr¹,

Pourkarim²,

Maes³

et al. 2013

Hepat Mon

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“…This relationship was subsequently confirmed by comparing patients infected with genotype 3 and those infected with other genotypes [14][15][16]. However, Genotype 4a represents more than 93 % of chronic HCV patients in Egypt [17][18]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Association of IL28B SNP With Progression of Egyptian HCV Genotype 4 Patients to End Stage Liver Disease

Awady

Mostafa²,

Tabll³

et al. 2012

Hepat Mon

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BackgroundIL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play important roles in the management of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and are strongly associated with spontaneous and treatment-induced HCV clearance.ObjectivesIn the present study, the association between IL28B variants and the progression of HCV infection in Egyptian patients infected with type 4a virus will be examined.Patients and MethodsFrequencies of the protective genotype C/C of SNP, rs12979860 were determined in healthy subjects, spontaneous resolvers, and chronic HCV type 4 patients with low F scores and in patients with end stage liver disease (ESLD). This study included a total of 404 subjects. Patients infected with HCV type 4a (n = 304) were divided into; chronic hepatitis C (CHC) with low F scores (CHC, n = 110), end stage liver disease (n = 110), liver cirrhosis (LC) (n = 35) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients (n = 75), spontaneous resolvers of HCV infection (n = 84) were also included. A healthy group representing the Egyptian population (n = 100) was also included in the genotyping of IL28B. The later was typed via a polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay analysis on purified genomic DNA extracted from all individuals.ResultsA significant increase (P < 0.0005) was observed in frequencies of IL-28B rs12979860 C/C genotypes in the healthy population, than in the CHC, LC and HCC groups (C/C = 48%, 13%, 0%.and 0% respectively). On the other hand the C/C genotype was significantly higher (P < 0.0005) in spontaneous resolvers than in healthy subjects. A comparable significant increase in the frequency of C/T allele accompanied by mild elevation of T/T allele frequency, were detected along the progression towards ESLD.ConclusionsGenotype C/C is associated with viral clearance during acute infection. The sharp decline in the C/C genotype from healthy to CHC subjects and the total absence of the C/C genotype in ESLD suggests a central role of this genotype against HCV disease progression.

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“…3 Diabetes is a marker for increased risk of HBV transmission through exposure to contaminated blood during diabetes care and monitoring. One study found that adults between 23 and 59 y of age with diabetes who lacked traditional risk factors for HBV infection had twice the odds of acquiring acute hepatitis B (HB) compared with adults without diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody levels against hepatitis B virus after hepatitis B vaccination in Egyptian diabetic children and adolescents

Elrashidy¹,

Elbahrawy

El–Didamony³

et al. 2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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IntroductionHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global issue affecting 2 billion people in the world, with 360 million chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). 1 The prevalence of HBV is estimated to be 6.7% among the general population in Egypt. 2 Although it has been widely accepted that genotype D is the most prevalent among Egyptians, genotype C was recently detected Background: The remarkable effectiveness of universal infantile hepatitis B (HB) vaccination is well documented in many countries. Nevertheless, the influence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on the sero-protective level of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) after HB vaccination has not been investigated in egyptian children. The aim of this study was to investigate long-term anti-HBs sero-protective levels after infantile HB vaccination in egyptian IDDM children.Results: The mean age of the healthy children was 10.86 ± 1.21 y (range, 5.5-15 y); 49 (45.8%) were boys and 58 (54.2%) were girls. The mean age of the IDDM children was 10.29 ± 3.04 y (range, 4-17 y); 32 (50.8%) were boys and 31 (49.2%) were girls. There were no significant differences between the healthy and IDDM children with respect to age and sex (p > 0.05). among the 107 healthy children, 43 (40%) did not have a protective anti-HBs level (anti-HBs < 10 IU/L) and 64 (60%) had a protective level (anti-HBs ≥ 10 IU/L). In contrast, among the IDDM children, 44 (69.8%) and 19 (30.2%) did not and did have protective anti-HBs levels, respectively. This difference in anti-HBs concentration between healthy and diabetic children was highly significant (p < 0.001). None of the vaccinated healthy or IDDM children was reactive to HBsag or total anti-HBc.Patients and Methods: a total of 170 children (81 boys, 89 girls) who had been routinely vaccinated against HB were included. Their mean age was 10 ± 2.1 y. The enrolled children were divided into healthy (n = 107) and IDDM (n = 63) cohorts. Body Mass Index and levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsag), total antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), and anti-HBs were evaluated in all children. In addition, the duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) and levels of glycated hemoglobin (Hba1c) were measured in IDDM children.Conclusion: Our results are alarming. It appears that the majority of egyptian diabetic children vaccinated against HB may not have sufficient anti-HBs levels to protect them from HB. Moreover, this study emphasizes the need for a population-based strategy for the management of patients without an anti-HBs protective level after HB vaccination and justifies the need to elucidate the heritability of those children.

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Molecular Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis Viruses in Ismailia, Egypt

Cited by 33 publications

References 97 publications

Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Sequence-Based Genotyping Analysis of Patients From the Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Sequence-Based Genotyping Analysis of Patients From the Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Association of IL28B SNP With Progression of Egyptian HCV Genotype 4 Patients to End Stage Liver Disease

Antibody levels against hepatitis B virus after hepatitis B vaccination in Egyptian diabetic children and adolescents

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