Molecular epidemiology and genotype distribution of hepatitis C in Pakistan; a multicenter cross-sectional study

Khan, Amjad; Nadir, Abdul; Mushtaq, Muhammad; Junaid, Khunsa; Khan, Aabish Mehreen; Ali, Hassan; Waqar, Fatmee; Khan, Taimoor Akram; Khan, Amna

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104372

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Genotype 3 has been reported as the most prevalent type in Pakistan in different studies [7,29]. A recent study on genotype distribution in Pakistan showed genotype 3 (73.9%) was the prevalent one, followed by genotype 1 (9.7%) and genotype 4 (0.3%) [30]. The regimen was effective and well-tolerated among different genotypes, showed the pan-genotypic activity of the drugs as it encompasses a broad spectrum of activity against all HCV genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diagnostic approach to elucidate the efficacy and side effects of direct-acting antivirals in HCV infected patients

Younas

Mukhtar

Gohar

et al. 2021

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The conventional interferon therapy of hepatitis C virus has been substituted substantially with sofosbuvir and daclatasvir due to constraints in efficacy and tolerability. This study aimed diagnostically to monitor the effectiveness and side effects of direct-acting antivirals in the management of HCV infections. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted on HCV-infected patients treated with sofosbuvir and daclatasvir. Different serological, biochemical, hematological, and molecular techniques were used for the assessment of patients. Only treatment-naive patients aged ≥ 18 to 75 years received 12 weeks of treatment. The primary endpoint was a sustained virologic response with undetectable HCV RNA in the patients’ serum at the end of the treatment. Results: We identified 229 cases of confirmed HCV infections by PCR, 94.3% of which had genotype 3. The study population comprised 66% females and 34% males with a median age of 42.2 ± 10.6 SD. Ninety-three percent of the patients accomplished SVR at week 12. The combined therapy of SOF/DAC achieved the highest efficacy rate (92.6%) among the different HCV genotype 3 patients. A statistically significant relationship was observed between low baseline viral load (p < 0.001; 95% CI = 1.2-3.1) and HCV genotype 3 with minor side effects, including lethargy, headache, nausea, insomnia, diarrhea, and fever. Conclusions: HCV-infected patients can be treated well with an interferon-free SOF/DAC regimen, tolerated with generally mild adverse effects with a higher SVR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diagnostic approach to elucidate the efficacy and side effects of direct-acting antivirals in HCV infected patients

Younas

Mukhtar

Gohar

et al. 2021

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…The highest reported rate is in Gujranwala (23.8%), then comes in Karachi (20%) and Lahore (16%) (Akhtar and Moatter, 2007;Muhammad and Jan, 2005;Siddique et al, 2020). In Pakistan, the majority of patients infected with HCV have genotype 3a, then 3b, and 1a respectively (Idrees and Riazuddin, 2008;Khan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Predictive Factors in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Non-Infected Individuals: A Comparative Analysis

Shahid¹,

Idrees²,

Rasul³

et al. 2023

PJZ

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“…An estimated 71 million people are infected with HCV globally [1,2]. HCV infection is endemic in Pakistan [3], with an seroprevalence as high as 14.64% in Punjab [4], estimated 6.1% active HCV infections [5] and approximately 10 million people infected [6]. The main transmission routes for HCV include contaminated surgical tools and syringes, transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products [7], and drug abuse [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prevalence of various genotypes is not uniform in different countries. Genotype 3a is most prevalent in Pakistan, accounting for 63% of all HCV infections [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus transmission cluster among injection drug users in Pakistan

et al. 2022

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are public health problem across the globe, particularly in developing countries. Pakistan has the second highest prevalence of HCV infection worldwide. Limited data exist from Pakistan about persons who inject drugs (PWID) and are at significant risk of exposure to HCV infection and transmission. Serum specimens (n = 110) collected from PWID residing in four provinces were tested for molecular markers of HCV infection. Next generation sequencing (NGS) of the hypervariable region (HVR1) of HCV and Global Hepatitis Outbreak and Surveillance Technology (GHOST) were used to determine HCV genotype, genetic heterogeneity, and construct transmission networks. Among tested specimens, 47.3% were found anti-HCV positive and 34.6% were HCV RNA-positive and belonged to four genotypes, with 3a most prevalent followed by 1a, 1b and 4a. Variants sampled from five cases formed phylogenetic cluster and a transmission network. One case harbored infection with two different genotypes. High prevalence of infections and presence of various genotypes indicate frequent introduction and transmission of HCV among PWID in Pakistan. Identification of a transmission cluster across three provinces, involving 20% of all cases, suggests the existence of a countrywide transmission network among PWIDs. Understanding the structure of this network should assist in devising effective public health strategies to eliminate HCV infection in Pakistan.

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Molecular epidemiology and genotype distribution of hepatitis C in Pakistan; a multicenter cross-sectional study

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Diagnostic approach to elucidate the efficacy and side effects of direct-acting antivirals in HCV infected patients

Diagnostic approach to elucidate the efficacy and side effects of direct-acting antivirals in HCV infected patients

Identification of Predictive Factors in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Non-Infected Individuals: A Comparative Analysis

Hepatitis C virus transmission cluster among injection drug users in Pakistan

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