Molecular Epidemiology of Circulating Human Adenovirus Types in Acute Conjunctivitis Cases in Chandigarh, North India

Singh, Mini P.; Ram, Jagat; Kumar, Archit; Rungta, Tripti; Gupta, Amit; Khurana, Jasmine; Ratho, Radha Kanta

doi:10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_17_258

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The involvement of only one eye is seen which can be due to that the patient visit the OPD before the involvement of the other eye. A study conducted by Mini P. Singh, Jagat Ram, 1 Archit Kumar, Tripti Rungta, Amit Gupta, 1 Jasmine Khurana, Radha Kanta Ratho in Chandigarh, India in Jan-March 2018 showed that conjunctivitis was unilateral in 12 patients (52.2%) and bilateral in 11 patients (47.8%) 8 In our study out of 52 patients 23 patients had preauricular lymphadenopathy which is 44% and 47 patients had no preauricular lymphadenopathy which is 56 %. A similar finding was noted in a study done by Balasopoulou et al during March 2012 to June 2012 which shows that out of 231 cases of conjunctivitis preauricular lymphadenopathy was evident in 125 cases which is 54.2% 9 According to our study acute conjunctivitis was observed in low socioeconomic patients as compare to middle socioeconomic status.…”

Section: Graph 2: Socioeconomic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Study of organisms isolation from acute bacterial conjunctivitis cases

Math¹,

Rauth²

2019

IJCEO

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Introduction:Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the outermost layer of the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid. Conjunctivitis is a global economic burden due to its common occurrence, contagiousness and potentially debilitating morbidities. The bulk of conjunctivitis related costs include consultation, supportive care, drugs prescription, diagnostic tests and productivity loses associated with time away from work or school. Viral etiology was the main reason for most of the outbreaks. Conjunctivitis is one of the most common condition of the eye that affects all ages, social strata and occurs worldwide. Acute conjunctivitis has a symptoms of less than 3 to 4 weeks of duration. Some reports indicate that 50-75% of acute conjunctivitis are caused due to the bacteria. In adults Staphylococcus, S. pneumoniae and H. influenza are the common pathogens causing bacterial conjunctivitis. Materials and Methods: Total 70 eyes of 52 patients of diagnosed acute conjunctivitis were examined at our institute from April 2018 to January 2019. This is prospective observational study with evaluation of demographic factors, associated comorbid conditions and finding causative organism i.e. bacteria and /or fungus by gram staining, KOH mounting and culture sensitivity. Results: In our study acute conjunctivitis was commonly seen in males than females and in age group of 18-45. It was commonly seen in patients of low socioeconomic status. Predominantly right eye involvement was observed. 16 cases showed positive results for Gram staining. KOH test was negative in all cases. S. aureus was the commonest organism identified on culture and sensitivity. S. aureus and S. pneumonae were equally isolated in patients on chronic steroid use. Conclusion: Bacterial conjunctivitis is more common i.e. 30.76 % than fungal in our study. No fungal organism was detected in our study. S. aureus, S. pneumonae, H. influenzae and S. epididymis were most common bacterias seen in our study. S. aureus and S. pneumonae were equally isolated in patients on chronic steroid use. We feel that such comprehensive surveys are necessary to assess the specific characteristics of the acute conjunctivitis, which are unique for each region and population.How to cite this article: Math SS, Rauth SG. Study of organisms isolation from acute bacterial conjunctivitis cases.

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Section: Graph 2: Socioeconomic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Study of organisms isolation from acute bacterial conjunctivitis cases

Math¹,

Rauth²

2019

IJCEO

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“…In India, several outbreaks of EKC have been observed, with HAdV-8 being the most common causative agent [24], along with others like HAdV-6 and HAdV-2 [25]. In our previous published report based on sequencing the partial region of hexon we found the isolates to be closer to HAdV-54 than HAdV-8 phylogenetically [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Whole genome analysis of Human Mastadenovirus D causing Keratoconjunctivitis in India - A multicentre study

Philomenadin,

Singh,

Shastri

et al. 2024

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Human mastadenovirus (HAdV) types 8, 37, 64 have been considered the major contributors in Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) epidemics, but recent surveillance data have shown the involvement of emerging recombinants, including HAdV-53, HAdV-54, and HAdV-56. In our initial work, positive samples for adenovirus revealed that our strains were closer to HAdV-54 than HAdV-8. Hence, the current study aimed to use whole genome technology to identify the HAdV strain correctly. Methodology: Oxford Nanopore technique was used, wherein a Targeted sequencing approach using long-range PCR amplification was performed. Primers were designed using HAdV-54 (AB448770.2) and HAdV-8 (AB897885.1) as reference sequences. Amplicons were sequenced on the GridION sequencer. Sequences were annotated using Gatu software, and similarities with standard reference sequence was calculated using Bioedit software. The phylogenetic tree was built after alignment in MEGA v7.0 using Neighbour joining method for each of the genes: Penton, Hexon, and Fiber. The effect of novel amino acid changes was evaluated using the PROVEAN tool. The Recombination Detection Program (RDP) package Beta 4.1 was used to identify recombinant sequences. Results: Of the five samples sequenced, OL450401, OL540403, and OL540406 showed nucleotide similarity to HAdV-54 in the penton region. Additionally, OL450401 showed a statistically significant recombination event with HAdV-54 as minor and HAdV-8 as major parents. This was further supported by phylogenetic analysis as well. Conclusions: In the present study, we have found evidence of a shift from HAdV-8 towards HAdV-54, thus stressing the need for surveillance of HAdVs and to stay updated on the rise of new recombinants.

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“…However, 80% of acute cases are caused by viruses [7,9,15] . These include Adenovirus, Herpes simplex virus, Varicella-zoster virus, Enterovirus70, and CoxsackieA24 [15,18] . Human Adenovirus (HAdV) causes 65%-90% of viral conjunctivitis cases [9,18] .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of endemic acute viral conjunctivitis and its preventive and curative homeopathic management among the population of south Gujarat: A community based cross sectional study

Dudhwala,

Gohil

2023

Int. J. Med. Ophthalmol.

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Background: Endemic acute viral conjunctivitis in South Gujarat and its preventive and curative homeopathic treatment. People tend to get acute conjunctivitis during damp and humid rainy weather. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study has been used to assess the prevalence of endemic viral conjunctivitis among people in South Gujarat. The convenient sampling method was used to recruit 1341 participants based on eligibility criteria. Study was done in July to August 2023. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection with the help of Efron Grading Scale, which describes the severity of the symptoms. Conjunctivitis was diagnosed by symptoms like itching, burning, redness, swelling, lachrymation, mucinous discharge, irritation, photophobia and blurred vision. Results: 27.37% of positive cases were observed out of the total number of participants. This study showed that more prevalence is present in young age group than in old age group; females (68%) were more affected than males (32%). Here it showed that in maximum number of cases, itching as a symptom was more prevalent compared to other symptoms (78.2%) and Blurred vision was less prevalent (10.35%). In homeopathy, the treatment plan for the patient with Efficacy of Pulsatilla nigricans was in maximum number of cases (40%), and Euphrasia was indicated in (20%), Rhus toxicodendron was one of effective medicine in (13.34%), Arsenicum album and Apis mellifica were having indication in (6.67%), Efficacy of Calcarea carbolicum, Sulphur, Ferrum phosphoricum and Gelsemium in less number of cases (3.33%). Conclusions: Prevalence of endemic acute viral conjunctivitis is present in South Gujarat. The prevalence of acute viral conjunctivitis remains a burden for the Population in damp and humid, rainy weather. Physicians' prescriptions in our study were mainly curative. Clinical management with a homeopathy for viral conjunctivitis to provide relieve in symptoms and shorten the duration of infection.

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Molecular Epidemiology of Circulating Human Adenovirus Types in Acute Conjunctivitis Cases in Chandigarh, North India

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Study of organisms isolation from acute bacterial conjunctivitis cases

Study of organisms isolation from acute bacterial conjunctivitis cases

Whole genome analysis of Human Mastadenovirus D causing Keratoconjunctivitis in India - A multicentre study

Prevalence of endemic acute viral conjunctivitis and its preventive and curative homeopathic management among the population of south Gujarat: A community based cross sectional study

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