Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus in Central America Reflected in the Genetic Variability of the Small S Gene

Arauz‐Ruiz, Patricia; Nordér, Helené; Visoná, Kirsten A.; Magnius, Lars O.

doi:10.1086/516507

Cited by 77 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The only sample testing negative in the assay was found to be genotype D after partial S gene amplification and sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. This was possible because the clustering pattern of S gene sequences agrees with the HBV genotype classification based on the whole-genome sequence (5,47,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Strong Association between Genotype F and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) e Antigen-Negative Variants among HBV-Infected Argentinean Blood Donors

et al. 2004

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A number of reports have indicated an increased risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected individuals carrying HBV e antigen (HBeAg)-negative variants. Although distinct core promoter and precore mutations distributed according to geographical locality and viral genotype have been reported, epidemiological data from South America are still scarce. The prevalences of HBV genotypes and core promoter and precore polymorphisms in 75 HBeAg-negative Argentinean blood donors were surveyed. The observed frequencies of HBV genotypes were 64.0% for genotype F, 17.3% each for genotypes A and D, and 1.3% for genotype C. Genotype F strains were widely distributed and significantly more prevalent in the northern region of the country (P < 0.001). An overall high proportion of a stop codon mutation (UAG) at precore codon 28 (66.7%) was observed. Wild-type codon 28 (UGG) was present in 29.3% of the samples, and the remaining 4.0% of samples had mixed variants. The combination of A at nucleotide (nt) 1762 and G at nt 1764 of the core promoter was found in 58.7% of the samples. The variant profiles-T at nt 1762 and A at nt 1764 or A at nt 1762 and A at nt 1764-were detected in 28.0 and 1.3% of the samples, respectively. The observed core promoter polymorphisms could not be related to the ratio of HBeAg to anti-HBeAg antibody, HBV genotype, or precore codon 28 status. Nevertheless, a clear association of genotype F and a precore stop codon mutation was found (P < 0.05). In conclusion, HBV genotype F and mutant codon 28 strains predominated and were strongly associated in a geographically broad Argentinean blood donor population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Strong Association between Genotype F and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) e Antigen-Negative Variants among HBV-Infected Argentinean Blood Donors

et al. 2004

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“…HBV genotypes also have a characteristic geographic distribution (2,15,18,22,24,26). For example, genotypes A and D are predominant in western countries while genotypes B and C are prevalent in Asia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another classification system, which is based on the sequence diversity of the HBV genome has been developed and, currently eight genotypes designated A to H have been identified (1,4,23,25,35). It has been reported that distribution of HBV subtypes and genotypes varies with different geographical areas (2,15,18,22,24,26). Also, clinical manifestations and therapeutic responses to antiviral therapy might differ with different HBV genotypes (11,12,39 Abstract: Four subtypes (adw, adr, ayw, and ayr) and eight genotypes (A to H) of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been identified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype and Subtype Analyses of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Possible Co‐Infection of HBV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) or Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) in Blood Donors, Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Patients on Hemodialysis in Surabaya, Indonesia

Lusida

Surayah

Sakugawa

et al. 2003

Microbiology and Immunology

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem. The prevalence of HBV carriers varies from 0.1 to 2% in low prevalent areas to 10 to 20% in high prevalent areas. Indonesia is among the HBV high prevalent countries (16). The identification of the common determinant a and two pairs of allelic variations, d/y and w/r, has lead to the definition of the four major subtypes of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), adw, adr, ayw, and ayr (3,13,18,37). Another classification system, which is based on the sequence diversity of the HBV genome has been developed and, currently eight genotypes designated A to H have been identified (1,4,23,25,35). It has been reported that distribution of HBV subtypes and genotypes varies with different geographical areas (2,15,18,22,24,26). Also, clinical manifestations and therapeutic responses to antiviral therapy might differ with different HBV genotypes (11,12,39 Abstract: Four subtypes (adw, adr, ayw, and ayr) and eight genotypes (A to H) of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been identified. They appear to be associated with particular geographic distribution, ethnicity, and possibly clinical outcomes. In this study, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtyping and HBV genotyping were carried out on sera obtained from HBsAg-positive HBV carriers, including healthy blood donors; patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma; and patients on hemodialysis all located in Surabaya, Indonesia. We report here that all HBV isolates tested in Surabaya belonged to genotype B, with more than 90% of them being classified into subtype adw. Our results also revealed that prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection among HBV carriers in Surabaya was approximately 10% for healthy blood donors and patients with chronic liver disease, and approximately 60% for patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Interestingly, HBsAg titers were lower in HBV carriers with HCV co-infection than in those without HCV co-infection. We also found that prevalence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) co-infection was <0.5% among HBV carriers in Surabaya.

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“…After aligning the sequences obtained from this study and from International DNA databases (DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank), the variability of the BCP, PC and core was analyzed. The HBV genotypes were determined based on the homologous percentage of >96% in the S and̸or core gene sequences compared to HBV isolates from International DNA databases (DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank) (26,27).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predominance of precore mutations and clinical significance of basal core promoter mutations in chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Indonesia

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a majorhealth problem worldwide, with a particularly high prevalence in the Asian-Pacific region. During chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, mutations commonly occur in the basal core promoter (BCP) and precore (PC) regions of HBV, affecting HBeAg expression, particularly following HBeAg seroconversion. Mutations in the B-and T-cell epitopes of the HBV core have also been observed during disease progression. The clinical significance of HBV genome variability has been demonstrated, however the results are a subject of controversy. Considering the characteristics of the virus associated with geographical location, the profiles of BCP, PC and core mutations and their clinical implications in patients with chronic HBV infection in Surabaya, Indonesia, were investigated. The BCP, PC and core mutations and HBV genotypes were detected by direct sequencing. The HBeAg̸anti-HBe status and HBV DNA levels were also assessed. This study enrolled 10 patients with chronic HBV infection (UC) from Dr Soetomo General Hospital and Indonesian Red Cross, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, 10 patients with chronic hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis (LC) and 4 patients with chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from Dr Soetomo General Hospital. The PC mutation A1896 was predominant in all the groups (60-100%), together with the PC variant T1858, which was associated with HBV genotype B. The number of detected core mutations (Thr/Ser130) was higher in HCC patients (50%). However, the BCP mutations T1762/A1764 were predominant in LC patients (50-60%). The LC and HCC patients carried HBV isolates with additional mutations, at least at BCP or PC, mainly following HBeAg seroconversion. In the majority of anti-HBe-positive samples, the BCP T1762̸A1764 mutations were associated with a high viral load, regardless of the PC 1896 status. In conclusion, the PC mutations were found to be predominant in all the groups. However, the BCP mutations were mainly detected in the LC group and may be considered as a critical indicator of a poor clinical outcome.

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Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus in Central America Reflected in the Genetic Variability of the Small S Gene

Cited by 77 publications

References 46 publications

Strong Association between Genotype F and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) e Antigen-Negative Variants among HBV-Infected Argentinean Blood Donors

Strong Association between Genotype F and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) e Antigen-Negative Variants among HBV-Infected Argentinean Blood Donors

Genotype and Subtype Analyses of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Possible Co‐Infection of HBV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) or Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) in Blood Donors, Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Patients on Hemodialysis in Surabaya, Indonesia

Predominance of precore mutations and clinical significance of basal core promoter mutations in chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Indonesia

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