Molecular evaluation of pvdhfr and pvmdr-1 mutants in Plasmodium vivax isolates after treatment with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine and chloroquine in Iran during 2001–2016

Parsaei, Mahdi; Ahmad, Rasheed; Spotin, Adel; Shahbazi, Ali; Mahami-Oskouei, Mahmoud; Hazratian, Teimour; Khorashad, Alireza Salimi; Zaman, Jalal; Bazmani, Ahad; Sarafraz, Sedighe

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2018.06.021

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It was also reported that the F1076L mutation in the Pvmdr-1 gene has a relationship with chemoprophylaxis. For example, the high prevalence of Pvmdr-1 F1076L mutation might have in uenced the e cacy of chloroquine combination with primaquine in Iran from 2001 to 2016 [17]. Globally, various Pvmdr-1 SNPs pro les including single (T958M; Y976F), double (T958M and F1076L; Y976F and F1076L), triple (T958M, Y976F, and F1076L), quadruple (S510T, M908L, T958M, and F1076L; S513R, M908L, T958M, and F1076L), quintuple (G689S, L845F, M908L, T958M, and F1076L), sextuple (S510T, G698S, M908L, T958M, Y976F, and F1076L; S513R, G698S, M908L, T958M, Y976F, and F1076L), and septuple (S513R, I636T, G698S, M908L, T958M, Y976F, and F1076L; S513R, G698S, M908L, A829V, T958M, Y976,F and F1076L) centred on these mutations (T958M, Y976F, and F1076L).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of Pvmdr-1 in Plasmodium Vivax Isolated From Military Personnel of Republic of Korea in 2016 and 2017

Bong

Lee

Park

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Malaria chemoprophylaxis using chloroquine and primaquine has been administered to resident soldiers in the 3rd Army of Republic of Korea (ROK) to prevent malaria infection since the year 1997. Due to mass chemoprophylaxis against malaria, concern exists about occurrence of chloroquine resistance. Herein, we investigated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the Plasmodium vivax multi-drug resistance protein-1 (Pvmdr-1) gene to monitor the risk of chloroquine resistance.Methods: To evaluate the risk of malaria chemoprophylaxis, SNPs of the Pvmdr-1 gene were analysed in 73 soldiers of the 3rd Army of ROK diagnosed with infection by Plasmodium vivax. Results: Quintuple mutations (G698S, L845F, M908L, T958M, and F1076L) were detected in 73 soldiers. Mutation in the Y541C position was detected in soldiers at a frequency of 1.3% (1/73). In addition, silent mutations were detected at positions 44K, 493L, 529T, and 1233E. Based on these SNPs, Pvmdr-1 sequences of ROK were classified into 6 haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the neighbourhood of the 6 haplotypes were Chaina_NB-16 and Papua New Guinea-PNG58 (Figure 1).Conclusions: Genetic- or phenotypic-based chloroquine resistance was not observed. However, various SNPs including a newly identified non-synonymous mutation (Y541C) have been introduced into Plasmodium vivax malaria endemic areas in ROK. Thus, to prevent the emergence of chloroquine resistance, continuous surveillance for SNPs of Pvmdr-1 related with chloroquine resistance is essential in the malaria chemoprophylaxis-executed regions of ROK.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of Pvmdr-1 in Plasmodium Vivax Isolated From Military Personnel of Republic of Korea in 2016 and 2017

Bong

Lee

Park

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Several molecular studies investigated the status of mutations in the codons of P. vivax dhfr and dhps genes related to P. vivax resistance to SP in Iran. These studies have reported mutations in codons 57L, 58R, 117N, 117T, 93H, 33L, 61N in dhfr gene and mutations in codon 421 of dhps gene in southern Iran ( 47 , 64 – 66 ). However, these studies have focused on the mutations and have not evaluated their association with in vivo resistance to SP in P. vivax isolates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drug Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax in Iran: A Review Article

Heidari¹,

Keshavarz²

2021

IJPA

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Background: One of the main obstacles to malaria control in the world has been the emergence of resistance in Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and other antimalarial drugs. This study aimed to review studies in Iran on resistance in P. falciparum and P. vivax to drugs, and to reveal the mechanisms and molecular markers of resistance of these two species. Methods: The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, and reputable Iranian journals were searched to find published studies on the resistance in P. falciparum and P. vivax to antimalarial drugs in Iran. Results: There is a significant relationship between resistance to chloroquine in P. falciparum and the emergence of K76T mutation in the P. falciparum chloroquineresistance transporter gene in Iran. Resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) in P. falciparum is also significantly associated with the development of mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase genes. Resistance to chloroquine in P. vivax has not been reported in Iran and it is used as a first-line treatment for P. vivax malaria. Conclusion: P. falciparum has become resistant to chloroquine in different regions of Iran and is not currently used to treat malaria. Besides, cases have emerged of P. falciparum resistance to SP in different parts of southern Iran, and SP is not administered alone for treating P. falciparum.

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“…DNA extraction of parasites was performed from Giemsa-stained positive slides (DNG Plus Kit, Iran) [ 20 ]. Single-round PCR was used to detect Leishmania sp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low genetic heterogeneity of Leishmania major in different geographical regions of Iran

et al. 2023

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To examine the genetic diversity of Leishmania major, 100 Giemsa-stained positive slides were collected from endemic foci of Iran (Northeast, Central, and Southwest provinces) over two consecutive years during 2019–2021. The Leishmania ITS-rDNA gene was amplified and Leishmania sp. was recognized by PCR-RFLP and sequencing. In addition, 178 registered ITS-rDNA sequences from other geographical regions of Iran were retrieved from GenBank, including different host species (human, sandfly and rodent). A total of 40 new haplotypes were discovered using the ITS-rDNA sequence analysis. IR29 (20.6%) and IR34 (61%) were the two most common haplotypes, represented by a star-like feature in the overall population. Analysis of the molecular variance test revealed low genetic diversity of L. major in human cases (Haplotype diversity; 0.341), rodent (Hd; 0.387) and sandfly (Hd; 0.390) sequences. The lowest genetic diversity of L. major was observed in Southwest/Southeast Iran (Hd: 0.104–0.286). The statistically Fst value indicated that L. major is not genetically differentiated between geographic regions of Iran, except for the Northeast-Southwest (Fst: 0.29055) and Central-Southwest (Fst: 0.30294) population pairs. The current study as the first investigation discloses new perspectives for further evaluation in the identification local transmission paradigms and initiating effective prevention strategies.

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Molecular evaluation of pvdhfr and pvmdr-1 mutants in Plasmodium vivax isolates after treatment with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine and chloroquine in Iran during 2001–2016

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of Pvmdr-1 in Plasmodium Vivax Isolated From Military Personnel of Republic of Korea in 2016 and 2017

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of Pvmdr-1 in Plasmodium Vivax Isolated From Military Personnel of Republic of Korea in 2016 and 2017

The Drug Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax in Iran: A Review Article

Low genetic heterogeneity of Leishmania major in different geographical regions of Iran

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