Molecular evidence of tick-borne hemoprotozoan-parasites (Theileria ovis and Babesia ovis) and bacteria in ticks and blood from small ruminants in Northern Algeria

Aouadi, Atef; Leulmi, Hamza; Boucheikhchoukh, Mehdi; Benakhla, Ahmed; Raoult, Didier; Parola, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2016.11.008

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Small ruminants are also affected by babesiosis caused by Babesia ovis, B. motasi, B. crassa, B. foliata, B. taylori, and Babesia sp. (China) [52]. Babesia ovis is considered highly pathogenic with mortality rates of 30-50% in susceptible sheep.…”

Section: Tick-borne Pathogens In Small Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Economic and Health Impact of the Ticks in Production Animals

Hurtado¹,

Giraldo-Ríos²

2019

Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens

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Nowadays there is no doubt about the importance of production animals in the economy and food security of the population throughout the world. For an animal to be productive (cattle, small ruminants, swine or poultry) is needed to be in adequate health conditions. The health of these animals can be altered by the direct and indirect effects of ticks, causing significant losses in the production of meat, milk, eggs, leathers, and in many cases the death of the affected animals. The direct losses are related to the damage produced by the ticks when feeding on the blood of their hosts, while the indirect losses are related to the infectious agents transmitted by the ticks, and the costs associated to the treatment and control. It is important then, to know what are the economic and health impacts of ticks on the main production animals.

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Section: Tick-borne Pathogens In Small Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…uilenbergi,T. recondita and T. separata [52]. In susceptible sheep, the disease can be highly pathogenic, especially when it is caused by T. lestoquardi, causing a lymphoproliferative disease with mortality and high morbidity.…”

Section: Tick-borne Pathogens In Small Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic and Health Impact of the Ticks in Production Animals

Hurtado¹,

Giraldo-Ríos²

2019

Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens

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“…A limited number of human cases of coxiellosis have been reported in Algeria and most cases occurred in the northern part of the country (Angelakis et al 2014 ; Benslimani et al 2005 ). More recently, evidence of Q fever infection based on polymerase chain-reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing of C. burnetii target genes has been reported in ticks from bats (Leulmi et al 2016 ), Rhipicephalus bursa ticks, dog and cat spleens (Bessas et al 2016 ) and blood from sheep and goats (Aouadi et al 2017 ). The true incidence of the disease in humans remains unknown in Algeria because of a lack of published data and the non-specific clinical signs of Q fever which lead to underreporting of the disease (Van der Hoek et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for <i>Coxiella burnetii</i>, the causative agent of Q fever in the dromedary camel (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>) population in Algeria

Benaissa

Ansel

Abdallah

et al. 2017

Onderstepoort j. vet. res.

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Query (Q) fever is a globally distributed zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, a bacterial agent for which ruminants are the most prevalent natural reservoir. Data regarding Q fever infection in camels in Algeria are limited. Therefore, a survey to detect seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies was conducted among healthy camel populations in a vast area in southeastern Algeria to determine distribution of the Q fever causative organism and to identify risk factors associated with infection. Between January and March 2016, blood samples were collected from 184 camels and serum samples were subsequently analysed using a commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. At the time of blood collection, a questionnaire investigating 13 potential predisposing factors associated with C. burnetii seropositivity was completed for every dromedary camel and herd. Results were analysed by a chi-square (χ2) test and multivariate logistic regression. The seroprevalence of C. burnetii at the animal level was 71.2% (95% CI: 65.2–78.3) and 85.3% (95% CI: 72.8–97.8) at the herd level. At the animal level, differences in seroprevalence were observed because of herd size, animal age, animal sex, presence of ticks and contact with other herds. A multivariable logistic regression model identified three main risk factors associated with individual seropositivity: (1) age class > 11 years (OR = 8.81, 95% CI: 2.55–30.41), (2) herd size > 50 head (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.01–19.59) and (3) infestation with ticks (OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1–4.5). This study of seroprevalence of C. burnetii infection in camels in Algeria revealed a high seroprevalence of Q fever in camel populations in southeastern Algeria and provided strong evidence that Q fever represents an economic, public health and veterinary concern. Appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the spread of C. burnetii and to reduce the risk of Q fever in farm animals and humans in this agro-ecologically and strategically important region of North Africa.

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“…and Theileria spp. were also screened by qPCR targeting fragments of the 18S and 28s genes respectively [17]. Bartonella elizabethae, Rickettsia montanensis, C. burnetii, A. phagocytophilum and Borrelia crocidurae DNAs were used as positive qPCR controls for the primers and probe targeting respectively Bartonella spp., Rickettsia spp., C. burnetii, Anaplasmataceae spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%