Molecular evolution of spermatogenesis-related genes in abdominal testicular mammals supports the cooling hypothesis

Ding, Xiaoyue; Wei, Huiyuan; Zhou, Xu; Gu, Lianzhi; Yu, Feifei; Zheng, Yu; Xu, Shixia; Yang, Guang

doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2021.05.010

Cited by 1 publication

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“…It requires precise expression of structural proteins and enzymes. Our previous studies showed that structural protein genes related to spermatogenesis might have undergone adaptive evolution, and that mammals, mainly laurasiatherians, contain positive selection signals [41]. Recent studies reported that the ubiquitinproteasome system (UPS) is necessary for various steps of mammalian spermatogenesis, and functions of the spermatogenesis-related UPS genes have been continuously proposed [12,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Evolution of Spermatogenesis-Related Ubiquitin–Proteasome System Genes in Abdominal Testicular Laurasiatherians

Ding

Cao

Zheng

et al. 2021

Genes

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During embryonic development in mammals, the testicles generally descend into the scrotum, making the testicular temperature 2–4 °C lower than the core temperature via heat exchange and clearance, and thus more beneficial for normal spermatogenesis. Failure to descend, known as cryptorchidism, carries a series of risks such as infertility and testicular cancer. However, some mammals have evolved abdominal testes while maintaining healthy reproduction. To explore the underlying molecular mechanism, we conducted comparative genomic analyses and functional assays on the spermatogenesis-related ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) genes essential to sperm formation in representative laurasiatherians. Here, positive selection and rapid evolution of spermatogenesis-related UPS genes were identified in the abdominal testicular laurasiatherians. Moreover, potential convergent amino acids were found between distantly related species with similar abdominal testicles and functional analyses showed RNF8 (V437I) in abdominal testicular species (437I) has a stronger ubiquitination ability, which suggests that the mammals with abdominal testes might exhibit enhanced sperm cell histone clearance to maintain sperm formation. This evidence implies that, in response to “cryptorchidism injury”, spermatogenesis-related UPS genes in the abdominal testicular species might have undergone adaptive evolution to stabilize sperm formation. Thus, our study could provide some novel insights into the reproductive adaptation in abdominal testicular mammals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%