Molecular Fracture in Poly(chloroprene)

Mead, W. T.

doi:10.1021/ma60069a029

Macromolecules

1979

DOI: 10.1021/ma60069a029

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Molecular Fracture in Poly(chloroprene)

W. T. Mead¹

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1985

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Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

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Recent studies of polymer reactions caused by stress

Porter

Casale²

1985

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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A singular class of polymer reactions can be caused by mechanical stress. Sufficient storage of mechanical energy to break chemical bonds in the main chain is generally possible only on deformation of polymers of high molecular weight. The corresponding appropriate conditions of high stress may occur in both polymer processing and use. This review summarizes reports of such polymer stress reactions published principally after 1980. The survey is organized by polymer type and by analysis technique.

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Recent studies of polymer reactions caused by stress

Porter

Casale²

1985

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Phase Diagrams of Binary Crystalline−Crystalline Polymer Blends

Matkar

Kyu

2006

J. Phys. Chem. B

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A thermodynamically self-consistent theory has been developed to establish binary phase diagrams for two-crystalline polymer blends by taking into consideration all interactions including amorphous-amorphous, crystal-amorphous, amorphous-crystal, and crystal-crystal interactions. The present theory basically involves combination of the Flory-Huggins free energy for amorphous-amorphous isotropic mixing and the Landau free energy of polymer solidification (e.g., crystallization) of the crystalline constituents. The self-consistent solution via minimization of the free energy of the mixture affords determination of eutectic, peritectic, and azeotrope phase diagrams involving various coexistence regions such as liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, and solid-solid coexistence regions bound by liquidus and solidus lines. To validate the present theory, the predicted eutectic phase diagrams have been compared with the reported experimental binary phase diagrams of blends such as polyethylene fractions as well as polycaprolactone/trioxane mixtures.

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Semicrystalline Lamellar Phase in Binary Mixtures of Very Long Chain n-Alkanes

Zeng

Ungar

2001

Macromolecules

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Lamellar structure formed by melt crystallization of binary mixtures of monodisperse long n-alkanes C122H246, C162H326, C194H390, C210H422, C246H494, C258H518, and C294H590 was studied by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and thermal analysis. A semicrystalline form (SCF) was found to be the stable phase over a wide range of compositions in the temperature range between the melting points of the shorter alkane and that of the alkane with a length equal to the difference between the chain lengths of the two components. Lamellar structure of SCF is determined by Fourier synthesis of electron density profiles from SAXS intensities and by fitting to models. It was found that SCF consists of alternating crystalline and amorphous layers. The thickness of crystalline layers is defined by the extended chain length of the shorter alkane tilted at 35° to the layer normal. The shorter chains are fully crystalline and confined to the crystal layers. The longer molecules traverse the crystal layer and are only partially crystalline; their surplus length in the form of loose cilia makes up the amorphous layer. The structure is similar to the transient noninteger folded (NIF) form in pure long n-alkanes. Stable SCF solid solution was found in alkanes with length ratio up to 1.7:1 and a chain length difference of up to 100 carbons, having a crystallinity as low as 63%. Viability of a stable SCF is demonstrated by a simple thermodynamic calculation based on the above structural model. According to the C162H326−C246H494 phase diagram, the maximum molar fraction of C246H494 that SCF will accept is 0.44. Taking into account the 35° chain tilt, this means that the effective cross-sectional area of a chain crossing the crystalline−amorphous interface increases by a factor of 2.8.

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Molecular Fracture in Poly(chloroprene)

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Recent studies of polymer reactions caused by stress

Recent studies of polymer reactions caused by stress

Phase Diagrams of Binary Crystalline−Crystalline Polymer Blends

Semicrystalline Lamellar Phase in Binary Mixtures of Very Long Chain n-Alkanes

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