Molecular Genetic Analyses of Plant Polyamines

Malmberg, Russell L.; Watson, Mark; Galloway, Gregory L.; Yu, Wei

doi:10.1016/s0735-2689(98)00358-x

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…1990, Slocum and Flores 1991, Galston and Kaur‐Sawhney 1995). Some of these data have been confirmed more recently using approaches involving transgenic and mutant plants (Galston et al. 1997, Kumar et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effects of putrescine accumulation in tobacco transgenic plants with different expression levels of oat arginine decarboxylase

Panicot¹,

Masgrau²,

Borrell³

et al. 2002

Physiologia Plantarum

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Arginine decarboxylase (ADC; EC 4.1.1.19) is a key enzyme in one of the two possible ways to synthesize putrescine (Put) in plants. In previous work (Masgrau et al. 1997), we observed an altered phenotype (growth inhibition, leaf chlorosis and necrosis) in tobacco transgenic plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Wisconsin-38) containing the oat ADC cDNA under the control of a tetracycline inducible promoter, the severity of which was correlated with Put content. Now we have analysed the T2 generation of a selected transgenic line (line 52), which in previous generations was characterized by presenting a moderate increase in ADC activity and polyamine levels, but no phenotype alterations. Studying two selected individuals, one with a high expression level of the transgene and the other with a moderate expression level, we demonstrate that only the one with increased polyamine content displays the altered (toxic) phenotype. The possible causes of toxicity have been analysed. The results suggest that either Put or its oxidation products, via diamine oxidase (DAO; EC 1.4.3.6), are the responsible factors for the deleterious effects observed in the transgenic plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effects of putrescine accumulation in tobacco transgenic plants with different expression levels of oat arginine decarboxylase

Panicot¹,

Masgrau²,

Borrell³

et al. 2002

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Polyamines (PAs) are organic polycations found in all living organisms. In higher plants putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) are the most abundant PAs [1] and are implicated in various developmental processes [2,3]. Because the levels of PAs increase during the adaptation to stresses in a variety of plants, it is thought that they are also involved in these processes [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The polyamine spermine protects against high salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2006

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It is well known that changes in abiotic conditions such as the concentration of ions, temperature and humidity lead to modulation of polyamine contents in plants. However, little is known about the relevant parts these polyamines play in abiotic stress responses. Here we addressed a specific role of spermine during high salt stress using an Arabidopsis double knockoutmutant plant (acl5/spms) which cannot produce spermine. The mutant showed higher sensitivity to high salt than wild type plants. This phenotype was cured by exogenous spermine but not by the other polyamines putrescine and spermidine, suggesting a strong link between spermine-deficiency and NaCl-hypersensitivity. The mutant was also hypersensitive to high levels of KCl but not to MgCl 2 or to high osmoticum. NaCl-hypersensitivity of the mutant was compromised by treatment with Ca 2+ channel blockers. Moreover, the mutant showed poor growth on Ca 2+ -depleted Murashige-Skoog agar media. The data suggest that the absence of spermine causes an imbalance in Ca 2+ homeostasis in the mutant plant. Based on the data obtained, we propose a model for a role of spermine in high salt stress responses.

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“…Polyamines (PAs), putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) are small organic compounds found in all living organisms. Exogenous treatment of plants with PAs and their inhibitors, and the heterologous overexpression of genes involved in PA biosynthesis in transgenic plants have shown that PAs play important roles in stress response, senescence, cell proliferation and differentiation [1–6]. Enzyme activities related to PA biosynthesis have been shown to increase during developmental processes and responses to environmental stress [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis ADC genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis are essential for seed development

Urano¹,

Hobo²,

Shinozaki³

2005

FEBS Letters

129

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Arginine decarboxylase (ADC) is a rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the first step of polyamine (PA) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. We generated a double mutant deficient in Arabidopsis two ADC genes (ADC1-/- ADC2-/-) and examined their roles in seed development. None of the F2 seedlings from crosses of adc1-1 and adc2-2 had the ADC1-/- ADC2-/- genotype. In addition, some abnormal seeds were observed among the ADC1+/- ADC2-/- and ADC1-/- ADC2+/- siliques. Viable offspring with the ADC1-/- ADC2-/- genotype could not be obtained from the ADC1+/- ADC2-/- and ADC1-/- ADC2+/- plants. These results indicate that AtADC genes are required for production of polyamines that are essential for normal seed development in Arabidopsis.

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Molecular Genetic Analyses of Plant Polyamines

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of putrescine accumulation in tobacco transgenic plants with different expression levels of oat arginine decarboxylase

Effects of putrescine accumulation in tobacco transgenic plants with different expression levels of oat arginine decarboxylase

The polyamine spermine protects against high salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabidopsis ADC genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis are essential for seed development

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