Molecular identification of cystic echinococcosis in humans and pigs reveals the presence of both Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto and Echinococcus canadensis G6/G7 in the hyperendemic focus of the Republic of Moldova

Umhang, Gérald; Chihai, O.; Bastid, Vanessa; Grenouillet, Florence Elisabeth; Erhan, Dumitru; Hotineanu, Adrian; Lungu, V.; Rusu, Ștefan; Grenouillet, Frédéric; Boué, Franck

doi:10.1007/s00436-019-06432-5

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Animal CE caused by E. canadensis (G6/G7), in Central and Eastern Europe seems almost exclusively maintained by a dog-pig cycle; while in France, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain, E. canadensis G6/G7 infections are not rare also in small ruminants and wild boars (Deplazes et al, 2017;Laurimäe et al, 2019a;Sgroi et al, 2019;Umhang et al, 2019). Previous molecular studies conducted on E. canadensis confirmed the cluster G6/7 as a distinct genotypic entity, compared to G8 and G10 (Addy et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 95%

Cystic echinococcosis in Cyprus: historical retrospective and finding of 2 Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species

Santoro,

Konstantinou,

Santolamazza

et al. 2024

Parasitology

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The island of Cyprus was an historical endemic area for cystic echinococcosis (CE) in the Mediterranean. During last decades, Cyprus has been an open-air laboratory and a model for testing and implementing control measures aiming to eliminate CE as a public health problem.Despite control and surveillance measures implemented during last 50 years, molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato specimens has been never provided.In February 2023, the carcass of a stray dog collected in the Nicosia district was examined by the Veterinary Services and found infected with Echinococcus spp. worms. The worms were sent to the European Union Reference Laboratory (EURLP) for species/genotype identification. The sequences analyses of nad2 and nad5 genes allowed to identify the tapeworms as Echinococcus canadensis, genotype G7b. In November 2023, a parasitic liver cyst was observed during the post-mortem examination of a mouflon from the same area of the dog's finding. The cyst sample was also referred to EURLP for identification and comparison with tapeworms previously collected from the dog. The sequences analysis of cox1 gene allowed to identify the cyst as E. granulosus sensu stricto, genotype G1. The finding of two different species of E. granulosus s.l. in a limited area raises epidemiological questions on the origin of the samples: whether distinct transmission cycles are present or a recent introduction event have occurred. From a public health perspective, it will be essential to conduct further molecular epidemiology studies to clarify the recent transmission dynamics of Echinococcus species in Cyprus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Cystic echinococcosis in Cyprus: historical retrospective and finding of 2 Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species

Santoro,

Konstantinou,

Santolamazza

et al. 2024

Parasitology

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First report of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotype G6/G7 in domestic pigs from mainland Italy

Genchi

Vismarra

Favilli³

et al. 2021

Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports

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Species and genotypes belonging to Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato complex causing human cystic echinococcosis in Europe (2000–2021): a systematic review

et al. 2022

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Background This study aimed to fill a gap of knowledge by providing a quantitative measure of molecularly identified species and genotypes belonging to Echinococcus granulosussensu lato (s.l.) causing human cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Europe during the period 2000–2021. As these species and genotypes are characterized by genetic, animal host and geographical differences, studying the E. granulosuss.l. complex is epidemiologically relevant. Methods A systematic review (SR) was conducted on the basis of both scientific and grey literature considering primary studies between 2000 and 2021 in four databases. From a total of 1643 scientific papers, 51 records were included in the SR. The main inclusion criterion for this study was the molecular confirmation of E. granulosuss.l. at the genotype/species level as a causative agent of human CE cases in selected European countries. Results Relevant data were obtained from 29 out of 39 eligible European countries. This SR identified 599 human molecularly confirmed echinococcal cysts: 460 (76.8%) identified as E. granulosussensu stricto (s.s.), 130 (21.7%) as E. canadensis cluster (G6/7 and G10), 7 (1.2%) as E. ortleppi (G5), and 2 as E. vogeli (0.3%). Three geographical hotspots of human CE caused by different species of the E. granulosuss.l. complex were identified: (1) E. granulosuss.s. in Southern and South-eastern Europe (European-Mediterranean and Balkan countries); (2) E. canadensis (G6/7) in Central and Eastern Europe; (3) E. ortleppi in Central and Western Europe. This SR also identified data gaps that prevented a better definition of the geographical distribution of the Echinococcus granulosuss.l. species complex in Europe: western Balkan countries, part of Central Europe, and Baltic countries. Conclusions These results mandate longitudinal, multi-centre, intersectoral and transdisciplinary studies which consider both molecular and clinical epidemiology in animals and humans. Such studies would be valuable for a better understanding of the transmission of the E. granulosuss.l. species complex and their potential clinical impact on humans. Graphical Abstract

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Molecular identification of cystic echinococcosis in humans and pigs reveals the presence of both Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto and Echinococcus canadensis G6/G7 in the hyperendemic focus of the Republic of Moldova

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Cystic echinococcosis in Cyprus: historical retrospective and finding of 2 Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species

Cystic echinococcosis in Cyprus: historical retrospective and finding of 2 Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species

First report of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotype G6/G7 in domestic pigs from mainland Italy

Species and genotypes belonging to Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato complex causing human cystic echinococcosis in Europe (2000–2021): a systematic review

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