Molecular identification of Sarcocystis species in raw hamburgers using PCR–RFLP method in Kashan, central Iran

Abstract

The prevalence of bovine is high in the most regions of the world. It can be a human health problem due to consumption of raw or under cooked hamburgers or other bovine meat products. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and species identification of among of hamburgers, using PCR-RFLP methods in Kashan, central Iran. Overall 200 raw industrial hamburgers samples with at least 60% meat were randomly collected from nine different brands in Kashan, central Iran. The genomic DNA was extracted and a PCR-RFLP method was used to amplify an approximately 900 bp fragment at the 18S rRNA(SSU) gene, restriction enzyme was used for species identification. The results showed that 58 (29%) of 200 tested hamburger samples were infected to spp. The prevalence rate was 31.25 and 26.9% in the hamburgers with 90 and 60-75% meat, respectively. According to PCR-RFLP analysis, 43 (74.1%) of the 58 isolates were , 12 (20.7%) showed co-infection to and , 2 (3.5%) was mixed infected to and , 1 (1.7%) showed the pattern of mix infection to three species. This study revealed one-third of industrial hamburger were infected to or mixed infection of with other bovine sarcocytosis. To prevent cattle infection, the possible ingestion of the disposal sporocyst stage from dogs must be eliminated. Although in this study, the prevalence of was low and cannot be considered as a major zoonosis, it should be recommended avoiding eating under cooked hamburger and other bovine meat products to prevent human infection.

Molecular identification of four Sarcocystis species in cattle from Lithuania, including S. hominis, and development of a rapid molecular detection method

“…The prevalence of S. hominis infection in different countries based on molecular methods is poorly studied. A 0.2% prevalence of S. hominis was detected in China [50], 0.5% in Argentina [42], 3.5% in Iran [44], 6.2 % in Germany [37] and 12.5% in the Netherlands [10]. The molecular technique established in this study is an important step in the development of zoonotic S. hominis diagnosis in both cattle and humans.…”

“…Nevertheless, several trends in the prevalence of Sarcocystis species can be indicated. Most studies carried out in cattle reported the highest prevalence of S. cruzi employing canids as definitive hosts [10,14,15,18,37,[40][41][42][43][44]. By contrast, a relatively low prevalence of S. hirsuta using felids as definitive hosts was often recorded [14,15,37,41,45].…”

“…By contrast, using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, S. hirsuta infection in Iran was recorded as reaching 58.9% [46], whereas microscopy analysis noted a prevalence of S. hirsuta as high as 94.0% in Brazil [47]. Sarcocystis hirsuta has been identified in different geographic regions [8,10,14,15,40,44,45]. Felids are also known to be definitive hosts of S. bovifelis and S. bovini [8,48]; however, there is a lack of knowledge of the geographical distribution of these two Sarcocystis species.…”

“…Most studies carried out in cattle reported the highest prevalence of S . cruzi employing canids as definitive hosts [ 10 , 14 , 15 , 18 , 37 , 40 – 44 ]. By contrast, a relatively low prevalence of S .…”

“…hirsuta as high as 94.0% in Brazil [ 47 ]. Sarcocystis hirsuta has been identified in different geographic regions [ 8 , 10 , 14 , 15 , 40 , 44 , 45 ]. Felids are also known to be definitive hosts of S .…”