Molecular-level investigation of soils contaminated by oil spilled during the Gulf War

Cho, Eunji; Park, Moonhee; Hur, Manhoi; Kang, Guyoung; Kim, Young Hwan; Kim, Sunghwan

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.084

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The United States Environmental Protection Agency [ 32 ] and the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Criteria Working Group (TPHCWG) [ 33 ] developed fraction-based approaches as an assessment of human health risks. Cho et al (2019) showed that TPH can degrade and partition during chemical weathering; gasoline-range organics (C6–C10) and diesel-range organics (DRO; C10–C28), which are the more soluble and volatile compounds, can be transported to other environmental media, while oil-range organics (ORO; C28–C40), which are relatively non-mobile and recalcitrant, remain near the point of release [ 34 ]. A chemical understanding of TPH is helpful in designing an optimal remediation process and for estimating the environmental impact of these TPH [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Contaminated Soil through Microwave Irradiation

Cho

Myung

Kim

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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In this study, we investigated the removal mechanism of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from soil by microwave heating. TPH contaminated soil was investigated to determine the desorption behavior of five carbon number-based fractions of TPH. The applied operating microwave power density influenced the final temperature that was reached during heating. For low operating power density applications, microwave effectiveness was limited due to the soil’s dielectric properties, which exhibited a direct relationship with temperature variation. Soil particle distribution could be attributed to permeability, which significantly influenced the evaporation of contaminated soil during the microwave treatment. The results indicate that the activation energy was correlated with the influence of particle size. The removal efficiency of the coarse soil reached 91.1% at 15 min, whereas that of fine soil was low. A total of 30 min had passed, and a removal efficiency of 71.2% was found for the fine soil. Residual TPH concentration was decreased when irradiation time was increased with a removal rate dependent on soil temperature variation. The surface functional groups of the contaminated soil were influenced by microwave irradiation, and changes in the hydrocarbon fraction affected contaminant removal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Contaminated Soil through Microwave Irradiation

Cho

Myung

Kim

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Their characteristics to deliver the droplets to hidden surfaces of the objects, which is called the wraparound effect, result in full even coverage on hardly reaching surfaces [ [20] , [21] , [22] ]. The electrostatic nozzle application has been developed in numerous industrial applications including particle synthesis [ 23 ], micro-patterning [ 24 ], thin-film deposition [ 25 , 26 ], measurement device [ [27] , [28] , [29] ], oil burner [ 30 ], and agriculture [ [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] ] due to its unique characteristics. Although the characterization of droplet deposition pattern and droplet size distribution is essential for optimizing the disinfectant sprayer, to our best knowledge, there is no research conducted through quantitatively characterizing the electrostatic sprayer performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of droplet deposition produced by an electrostatic sprayer on a classroom table by using fluorescent tracer

Kwak

Kim

Kuehn

et al. 2021

Building and Environment

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Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic situation, measures to mitigate the risk of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in an indoor setting are urgently needed. Among the various types of disinfectant methods, electrostatic spraying is often applied to decontamination in public places. For quantitatively characterizing electrostatic spraying, we developed the novel evaluation method by using a fluorescent tracer. By applying this method, we performed three different experiment cases (static test on a table, static test on a cylinder, and dynamic test on a table) to figure out its unique characteristics (Coulombic fission and wraparound effect) and measure its performance in various aspects. To be specific, bimodal distribution with peak sizes of ∼10 and ∼100 μm was found due to Coulombic fission. Otherwise, a unimodal distribution with a peak size of ∼100 μm occurred for the uncharged droplets. As a result, the effective contact area increased by 40–80 % due to small progeny droplets. The wraparound effect was examined on two different cylinders: copper (Cu) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. When the target surface was not charged (Cu 0 kV and PVC 0 kV), the average normalized concentrations on the backside of the cylinder ( θ = 180°) increased by around 67 % for charged droplets. Meanwhile, when the target surface was highly charged (PVC –19 kV), the average normalized concentrations at θ = 180° were increased more than two times for charged droplets.

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“…Photolysis plays an essential role in the mousse formation that begins a few moments after an oil spill [12]. Due to sunlight, the interfacial tension of a crude oil film rapidly decreases, and chocolate mousse starts to form, which leads to the stabilisation of the waterin-oil emulsions [13,14]. The formation of emulsions seems to depend on the amount of asphaltene present in the oil film, and researchers reported that this amount increases upon irradiation [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Ageing of Crude Oil and Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Remediation since Crude Oil Pollution

et al. 2021

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Crude oil can undergo biotic and abiotic transformation processes in the environment. This article deals with the fate of an Italian crude oil under simulated solar irradiation to understand (i) the modification induced on its composition by artificial ageing and (ii) the transformations arising from different advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) applied as oil-polluted water remediation methods. The AOPs adopted were photocatalysis, sonolysis and, simultaneously, photocatalysis and sonolysis (sonophotocatalysis). Crude oil and its water-soluble fractions underwent analysis using GC-MS, liquid-state 1H-NMR, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), and fluorescence. The crude oil after light irradiation showed (i) significant modifications induced by the artificial ageing on its composition and (ii) the formation of potentially toxic substances. The treatment produced oil oxidation with a particular effect of double bonds oxygenation. Non-polar compounds present in the water-soluble oil fraction showed a strong presence of branched alkanes and a good amount of linear and aromatic alkanes. All remediation methods utilised generated an increase of C5 class and a decrease of C6–C9 types of compounds. The analysis of polar molecules elucidated that oxygenated compounds underwent a slight reduction after photocatalysis and a sharp decline after sonophotocatalytic degradation. Significant modifications did not occur by sonolysis.

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Molecular-level investigation of soils contaminated by oil spilled during the Gulf War

Cited by 30 publications

References 47 publications

Removal of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Contaminated Soil through Microwave Irradiation

Removal of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Contaminated Soil through Microwave Irradiation

Quantitative analysis of droplet deposition produced by an electrostatic sprayer on a classroom table by using fluorescent tracer

Simulated Ageing of Crude Oil and Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Remediation since Crude Oil Pollution

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