Molecular Mapping of Sorghum Genes Expressing Tolerance to Damage by Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Nagaraj, Nandi; Reese, John C.; Tuinstra, Mitchell R.; Smith, C. Michael; Amand, Paul St.; Kirkham, M.B.; Kofoid, K. D.; Campbell, Leslie R.; Wilde, Gerald E.

doi:10.1093/jee/98.2.595

Cited by 41 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Enclosure cages (Converters, Huntingdon Valley, PA, USA) followed the design of Nagaraj et al. () and consisted of a 0.5‐cm thick foam rectangle (outside rectangle dimensions: 6.2 × 3.6 cm; inside rectangle dimensions: 5.1 × 2.5 cm) with manufacturer‐applied adhesive on cage tops and bottoms. For cages placed on leaves, pre‐applied adhesive was then used to secure no‐see‐um mesh on one side of the cage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding location affects demographic performance of cabbage aphids on winter canola

Cibils–Stewart

Sandercock

2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a perennial pest that specializes on plants of the Brassicaceae family, attacking winter canola (Brassica napus L.) mainly during and after flowering. Under field conditions, cabbage aphid colonizes the upper flowering canopy. Population dynamics of aphids in the flowering canopy could be regulated by differences in either plant quality (bottom-up) or predatory (top-down) forces. The goal of our study was to determine the effect of feeding location on cabbage aphid demography. A stage-structured matrix population model was constructed for aphids restricted to reproductive or vegetative plant tissues of canola. We found that feeding location had a large impact on demography of cabbage aphid; the finite rate of increase (k AE SEM) was higher when aphids were restricted to reproductive tissues, compared to aphids feeding on vegetative tissues: 1.25 AE 0.01 vs. 1.17 AE 0.01 (leaves). Aphids confined to reproductive tissues with higher k exhibited shorter generation times (T = 14.2 AE 0.2 days) and 53-75% higher net reproductive rates (R 0 = 23.3 AE 1.7) than aphids feeding on vegetative tissues. Prospective analyses showed that there was a nymph-skewed stable stage distribution, and elasticity values revealed that k is most sensitive to changes in stasis of adults staying in the adult stage and to adult survival. Retrospective analyses indicated that variation in adult fecundity (value of 0.05) had the largest effect on population dynamics but collectively, growth of nymphal stage 2-3, 3-4, and 4 to adult accounted for most of the difference in k between the treatments. Monitoring programs should target adults and penultimate instars colonizing reproductive tissues of canola plants in the field as aphids on these plant structures contribute most to population growth.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding location affects demographic performance of cabbage aphids on winter canola

Cibils–Stewart

Sandercock

2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…This is because other factors such as leaf age, nutritional status and a range of environmental and phenological conditions may also influence the relationship between photosynthetic rate and Chl content (Nagaraj et al, 2002;Barry et al, 2009). In addition, previous studies also indicate that leaf Chl concentrations respond to pest presence, among others agents (Baldy et al, 1996 a and b).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Insect Damage and Chlorophyll Content in Mediterranean Oak Species

Cárdenas¹,

Gallardo²

2016

Appl Ecol Env Res

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Abstract.Considering that the damage caused by phytophagous insects can alter the chlorophyll content of plants, we established the hypothesis that variations in chlorophyll concentration could be applied to assess stress caused by these kind of harmful agents. In this paper, relationship between insect damage and the chlorophyll content of sclerophyllous oak species (Quercus suber and Q. ilex) is investigated. The survey was carried out in Hornachuelos Natural Park (southern Iberian Peninsula). For each plant species, a comparative study of chlorophyll concentration on healthy leaves was performed among a control group of harmless trees and other groups affected by one of the following damaging insects: woodborers, chewing and gall-formers. Results relative to Q. ilex indicated that only damage by gall-formers had a significant effect on average chlorophyll content of healthy leaves. As regard Q. suber, differences in chlorophyll content were only significant when injuries were caused by the woodborer Coraebus florentinus. In conclusion, insect damage could influence the chlorophyll content of the holm and cork oaks, but the effect varies depending on the plant species and the type of harmful agent.

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“…Several genomic regions associated with important agronomic traits including a range of abiotic stress tolerances [primarily mid-season and terminal drought tolerance (Tuinstra et al 1996(Tuinstra et al , 1997Crasta et al 1999;Tao et al 2000;Xu et al 2000;Kebede et al 2001;Haussmann et al 2002b;Sanchez et al 2002;Harris et al 2007) and aluminum tolerance (Magalhaes et al 2004)], host plant resistances to hemi-parasitic weeds [Striga spp. (Haussmann et al 2004)], insect pests [aphids (Agrama et al 2002;Katsar et al 2002;Nagaraj et al 2005;Wu et al 2007), midge (Tao et al 2003), and shoot Xy (Folkertsma et al 2003)], and diseases [of both foliage (Oh et al 1996;Tao et al 1998b;Nagy et al 2007) and panicles (Klein et al 2001)], and a range of traits related to grain quality (Lijavetsky et al 2000), crop phenology [height and maturity (Lin et al 1995;Pereira and Lee 1995;Klein et al 2001;Feltus et al 2006a)], and yield components (Hart et al 2002;Hicks et al 2002) have been mapped. Now high-density genetic maps are available for sorghum (Klein et al 2000;Bowers et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting rice–sorghum synteny for targeted development of EST-SSRs to enrich the sorghum genetic linkage map

et al. 2009

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The sequencing and detailed comparative functional analysis of genomes of a number of select botanical models open new doors into comparative genomics among the angiosperms, with potential benefits for improvement of many orphan crops that feed large populations. In this study, a set of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was developed by mining the expressed sequence tag (EST) database of sorghum. Among the SSR-containing sequences, only those sharing considerable homology with rice genomic sequences across the lengths of the 12 rice chromosomes were selected. Thus, 600 SSR-containing sorghum EST sequences (50 homologous sequences on each of the 12 rice chromosomes) were selected, with the intention of providing coverage for corresponding homologous regions of the sorghum genome. Primer pairs were designed and polymorphism detection ability was assessed using parental pairs of two existing sorghum mapping populations. About 28% of these new markers detected polymorphism in this 4-entry panel. A subset of 55 polymorphic EST-derived SSR markers were mapped onto the existing skeleton map of a recombinant inbred population derived from cross N13 x E 36-1, which is segregating for Striga resistance and the stay-green component of terminal drought tolerance. These new EST-derived SSR markers mapped across all 10 sorghum linkage groups, mostly to regions expected based on prior knowledge of rice-sorghum synteny. The ESTs from which these markers were derived were then mapped in silico onto the aligned sorghum genome sequence, and 88% of the best hits corresponded to linkage-based positions. This study demonstrates the utility of comparative genomic information in targeted development of markers to fill gaps in linkage maps of related crop species for which sufficient genomic tools are not available.

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Molecular Mapping of Sorghum Genes Expressing Tolerance to Damage by Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Cited by 41 publications

References 42 publications

Feeding location affects demographic performance of cabbage aphids on winter canola

Feeding location affects demographic performance of cabbage aphids on winter canola

Relationship Between Insect Damage and Chlorophyll Content in Mediterranean Oak Species

Exploiting rice–sorghum synteny for targeted development of EST-SSRs to enrich the sorghum genetic linkage map

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