Molecular Markers in Early Seedling Tests for Scab and Mildew in Apples

Urbanietz, A.; Schmidt, Hanna; Dunemann, Frank

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1998.484.73

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Occurrence Venturia inaequalis races attacking the genotypes containing Vf gene were noticed by Parisi et al (1993) and Parisi and Lespinasse (1999) in Western Europe. Also Urbanietz et al (1999) has found that this new race is expanded in the Netherlands and in the north Germany. The occurrence of this new race is probably high also in the Czech Republic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1993, a new pathogen race with the pathogenity against genotypes including the Vf gene, was identified (Parisi et al 1993). Urbanietz et al (1999) found out that this new race is widespread particularly in the Netherlands and in the north Germany and it is able to attack majority genotypes containing Vf gene. Parisi and Lespinasse (1999) confirmed these results, too.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The variability of Venturia inaequalis CKE. races in the Czech republic and the accumulation of resistance genes in apple germplasm

Melounová¹,

Vejl²,

Sedlák³

et al. 2004

Plant Soil Environ.

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The growing of resistant apple varieties against the scab, impacts the Venturia inaequalis CKE. races development that can overcome the resistance. For this reason the main breeders object is to cumulate the different genetic mechanisms of resistance against this disease. Presented in this paper is the first genetic study of monosporic isolates in the Czech Republic. By means of RAPD and UPGMA methods which characterised the variability of 10 monosporic isolates from different localities and apple varieties. The monosporic isolate derived from the resistant genotype (Vf gene) proved a 79% genetic similarity with the isolate derived from sensitive variety Top Red. The genetic similarity of other isolates did not prove the dependence either on a locality or a host variety. The Vf and Vm genes accumulation in apple germplasm by means of specific PCR markers was studied. It was confirmed that Vf gene donors are always heterozygous. Concurrently it was statistically confirmed that the donor of Vm gene (OR-45-T-132) is heterozygous, too. The accumulation of Vf and Vm major genes against the scab was validated in 25% of seedlings of the cross.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The variability of Venturia inaequalis CKE. races in the Czech republic and the accumulation of resistance genes in apple germplasm

Melounová¹,

Vejl²,

Sedlák³

et al. 2004

Plant Soil Environ.

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“…Previous research conducted for various crops has shown the superiority of MAS techniques for breeding. Such crops include almond (Sorkheh et al, 2017), apple (Edge-Garza and Kenis et al, 2008;Kumar et al, 2012;Tartarini et al, 1999;Urbanietz et al,1996), cassava (Rudi et al, 2010), common bean (Schneider et al, 1997), maize (Lande and Thompson, 1990;Morris et al, 2003;Stromberg et al,1994), pome fruit (Tartarini and Sansavini, 2002), rice (Suh et al, 2013), stone fruits Testolin, 2002), and wheat (Kuchel et al, 2005). Marker tests developed for apple include tests for scab (Tartarini et al, 1999), tree habit (Kim et al, 2003;Morimoto and Banno, 2015), skin overcolor (Zhang et al, 2014), acidity (Xu et al, 2012), and firmness (Baumgartner et al, 2015) among others (Evans and Peace, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…MASS requires tissue samples be taken at immature growth stages in a plant's juvenile phase and that these samples be evaluated for traits through marker testing, which allows rapid screening (Afanador et al, 1993;Collard and Mackill, 2008). Early detection using DNA marker tests improves selection by removing offspring with or without the DNA marker before the plant physically displays these characteristics (Liebhard et al, 2003;Urbanietz et al, 1996). Early detection thus reduces time to selection by detecting the alleles with the targeted trait early in the plant's life.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Cost–Benefit Analysis of DNA Informed Apple Breeding

Wannemuehler

Luby²,

Yue³

et al. 2019

horts

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Incorporating DNA-informed breeding techniques can improve selection efficiency for desired traits as compared with conventional breeding methods that do not use DNA-informed techniques. Incorporation of DNA technologies requires additional costs associated with reagents, equipment, and labor. To elucidate the cost-effectiveness of DNA-informed breeding in perennial crops with multiple years per generation, we conducted a cost–benefit analysis examining incorporation of marker-assisted selection (MAS), a type of DNA-informed breeding, applied to an apple breeding program. Annual operational costs for a midwest apple breeding program were used to develop a simulation with inputs including itemized costs and per unit costs for procedures at each breeding program stage. Simulations compared costs of MAS breeding techniques to conventional breeding methods to identify the break-even point (BEP) where cost-savings associated with MAS equals the accrued additional costs. Additional sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine changes in laboratory costs, seedling maintenance costs, and seedling evaluation costs. We found the BEP for this program occurs when MAS results in a removal rate of 13.18%, and changes to other costs (i.e., maintenance costs) result in a smaller percent decrease to the overall program budget. Our findings are useful to perennial crop breeding programs in which managers are considering incorporating DNA-informed breeding techniques.

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“…A number of molecular markers have been developed for major genes coding for resistance to these two pathogens (e.g. Urbanietz et al 1999). A selection of these markers was used routinely to pyramid (i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

Efficient low‐cost DNA extraction and multiplex fluorescent PCR method for marker‐assisted selection in breeding

Frey¹,

Frey²,

Sauer³

et al. 2004

Plant Breeding

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Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is an increasingly important tool in current breeding efforts for improved crop plants and animal breeds. It enables detection of favourable alleles in early developmental stages and thus may result in substantial cost savings. Until now, however, the high costs of the required chemicals and materials, together with the still very labour-intensive methods, have been an obstacle to widespread application of MAS. A new multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method has been developed for reliable low-cost, high-throughput screening. By its use 3366 apple seedlings were screened with an average hands-on time from DNA extraction to data ready for analysis of <4 h per 96 plants, and at a cost below US$ 0.5 per marker per plant. Factors that have a strong effect on segregation ratios such as elevated levels of outcrossing are easily detected, as a significant correlation was observed between deviation from expected segregation ratios in some affected markers and the level of outcrossing in a cross. The new method is suitable for many crop species and, provided that suitable buffers are used for DNA extraction, for animals too.

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Molecular Markers in Early Seedling Tests for Scab and Mildew in Apples

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The variability of Venturia inaequalis CKE. races in the Czech republic and the accumulation of resistance genes in apple germplasm

The variability of Venturia inaequalis CKE. races in the Czech republic and the accumulation of resistance genes in apple germplasm

A Cost–Benefit Analysis of DNA Informed Apple Breeding

Efficient low‐cost DNA extraction and multiplex fluorescent PCR method for marker‐assisted selection in breeding

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