Molecular markers to evaluate genetic diversity among Venturia inaequalisisolates obtained from apple plantations in Isparta Province

Kaymak, Suat; Boyraz, Nuh; Daniels, Jon

doi:10.3906/tar-1502-61

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In contrast, in the studies on V. inaequalis population diversity in the United States and the North Caucasian region in Russia, this marker showed one of the least amount of polymorphism (six alleles per locus) [ 2 ]. Similarly, the marker 1tc1g showed a great polymorphism (48 alleles) in the 11 populations of V. inaequalis in Europe [ 31 ] but it was the least polymorphic (two alleles per locus) in the V. inaequalis population studied in Turkey [ 17 ]. Out of the 31 SSR markers tested by us, 19 were excluded from further use because they were monomorphic, they amplified more than one fragment, or they had no amplification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characterisation of the V. inaequalis population is crucial for understanding the epidemiology of the apple scab, and it can provide growers with valuable information concerning disease management [ 9 ]. Studies on the genetic diversity of V. inaequalis have been conducted in several countries in central and western Europe [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], Israel [ 15 ], central Asia [ 16 ], Turkey [ 17 ], Iran [ 9 ], South Africa [ 18 ], United States [ 19 ], Belarus [ 20 ], and Russia [ 2 ]. Various genotyping techniques have been employed to analyse the genetic diversity of V. inaequalis populations, such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), genome-wide SNPs, as well as microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers [ 9 , 13 , 16 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Diversity of Venturia inaequalis in Latvia Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

2022

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Apple scab caused by the ascomycete Venturia inaequalis is an economically significant disease worldwide. The annual sexual reproduction of V. inaequalis leads to high variation, changes in the population’s genetic structure and adaptations to the changing environment, including overcoming the host’s resistance. The objective of this study is to characterise and assess the genetic diversity of V. inaequalis populations in two main apple-growing regions in Latvia. In total, 143 V. inaequalis isolates were collected from Latvia, six reference strains with known virulence were obtained from other countries, and all strains were genotyped by 12 SSR markers. The SSR markers were highly variable and informative, identifying 158 alleles that ranged from two to 29 per locus. The Bayesian clustering identified three genetic lineages among the Latvian isolates that did not correlate to the geographic origin, host genotype, organ (leaves or fruits) from which the pathogen was isolated, time of collection, and type of isolation (single conidium or ascospore). The possible relatedness to virulence was detected when reference strains with known virulence were included in the analysis. Our findings correspond with previous studies demonstrating that V. inaequalis in Europe has a high genetic diversity within populations, but low diversity among the populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Venturia inaequalis in Latvia Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

2022

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“…radicis-lycopersici, Fusarium solani, Myrothecium roridum, Myrothecium verrucaria, Verticillium dahliae and Verticillium alboatrum in samples collected from horticultural water circulation systems in a single assay (Van Doorn et al, 2009;Capote et al, 2012). ISSR and SRAP markers were also used for molecular characterization of Venturia inaequalis isolates for the first time and they were more informative, easily applicable, reproducible, and specific (Kaymak et al, 2016).…”

Section: Fungal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, they also identified resistance gene by molecular markers, knowing the genetic variability and diversity of the disease causing agents are also imperative. Kaymak et al (2016) used RAPD, ISSR, SSR and SRAP markers to evaluate the genetic divergences and the relationships of Venturia inaequalis isolates. They reported that SSR and SRAP markers were found to be more informative and consistent than other marker techniques during their study.…”

Section: Application Of Molecular Markers For Resistance Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological tools for detection, identification and management of plant diseases

Baştaş¹,

Boyraz²

2019

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Detection and identification of plant pathogens is one of the most important strategies for sustainable plant diseases management. For this reason, the availability of fast, sensitive and accurate methods for detection and identification of plant pathogens is increasingly necessary to improve disease control decision making process. In other words, new technologies and improved methods with reduced/fair cost and improved speed, throughput, multiplexing, accuracy and sensitivity have emerged as an essential strategy for the control of both fungal and bacterial diseases. The development of recombinant DNA technology is also possible to isolate individual genes and incorporate resistance genes into otherwise agronomically acceptable cultivars to develop genetically resistance variety for a particular disease. These advances have been complemented by the development of new nucleic acids extraction methods, increased automation, reliable internal controls, multiplexing assays, online information and on site molecular diagnostics. The different types of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the most common DNA amplification technology used for detecting various plant pathogens. With the applications of bioinformatics as a modern technology in plant pathology, identification of specific motifs, DNA sequences has become possible, which ultimately increase the accuracy of modern techniques in plant disease diagnosis. The newly emerged proteomic technology is also a promising tool for providing information about pathogenicity and virulence factors that will open up new possibilities for plant disease diagnosis and appropriate protection measures.

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“…CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license a certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not this version posted October 7, 2019. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/794636 doi: bioRxiv preprint 6 spread of Rvi6 virulent strains, and a possible cause of the inconsistency between the geographical origin and genetic polymorphism of isolates in several studies (Kaymak et al 2016;Gladieux et al 2010;Guerin et al 2007;Michalecka et al 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

New North American Isolates of Venturia inaequalis Can Overcome Apple Scab Resistance of Malus floribunda 821

et al. 2020

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Apple scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis, is a destructive fungal disease of major apple cultivars worldwide, most of which are moderately to highly susceptible. Thus, development of scab resistant cultivars is one of the highest priorities of apple breeding programs. The principal source of resistance for breeding programs has been the scab resistance gene Rvi6 that originated from the Japanese crabapple Malus floribunda (Sieb.) sel. 821. Isolates of V. inaequalis able to overcome Rvi6 have been identified in Europe, but have not yet been reported on the American continents. We recently discovered scab infection on M. floribunda 821 trees in a research orchard at Geneva, NY, U.S.A., where approximately 10% of the leaves bore profusely sporulating apple scab lesions, many of which had coalesced to cover entire leaves. We observed both chlorosis, typical to Rvi6, and pinpoint pitting symptoms typical to failed infections by V. inaequalis on hosts bearing the Rvi7 gene. We assessed genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 11 V. inaequalis isolates in total, of North American and European origin, isolated from M. floribunda 821, ‘Nova Easygro’, ‘Golden Delicious’, TSR33T239, ‘Schone van Boskoop’, and ‘Prima’, using 16,321 genome-wide SNPs. Population genetic structure and PCA separated the isolates into distinct European and U.S. groups. The forgoing suggests that the new Rvi6 virulent isolates emerged within U.S. populations, rather than being transported from Europe. The complete resistance breakdown in M. floribunda 821 but not in descendant cultivars, which kept their field resistance, suggests that durable resistance to apple scab will require a more comprehensive understanding of Rvi6 mediated resistance in diverse genetic backgrounds.

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Molecular markers to evaluate genetic diversity among Venturia inaequalisisolates obtained from apple plantations in Isparta Province

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Genetic Diversity of Venturia inaequalis in Latvia Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

Genetic Diversity of Venturia inaequalis in Latvia Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

Biotechnological tools for detection, identification and management of plant diseases

New North American Isolates of Venturia inaequalis Can Overcome Apple Scab Resistance of Malus floribunda 821

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