Molecular Mechanisms Linking Adiponectin Receptor Signalling and Cancer

Abstract

Abstract:Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-derived hormone. It is a key hormone that is responsible for insulin sensitization, and its circulating level is inversely associated with abdominal obesity. Recent studies have shown that a reduced plasma adiponectin level is significantly correlated with the risk of various kinds of cancers. Adiponectin may influence the cancer risk by modulating the metabolic environment indirectly. However several cancer cells express adiponectin receptors, suggesting that adiponectin also may modulate the cancer progression directly. Herein, we review the recent evidence concerning the molecular mechanisms linking adiponectin receptor signaling and cancer. Further studies are required to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the adiponectin-mediated signaling pathway in cancer.

Coffee consumption and risk of localized, advanced and fatal prostate cancer: a population-based prospective study

“…Coffee consumption has been shown to be associated with higher adiponectin plasma levels [2][3][4]6], an endogenous insulin sensitizer [8]. Higher adiponectin plasma levels lead in turn to decreased concentrations of both plasma insulin and IGF-1 [5]. Insulin levels have been observed to be directly associated with PCa-specific mortality in two prospective studies [34,35], although no association has been observed with total PCa incidence in a case-control study [36].…”

“…introduction Coffee, the most common beverage in the Western world excluding water [1], has been observed to reduce the concentrations of both plasma insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels (IGF-1) through increased levels of adiponectin [2][3][4][5][6], an endogenous insulin sensitizer which is inversely associated with obesity [7][8][9]. Coffee has also been observed to be associated with increased sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations [10,11] and reduced oxidative stress [12][13][14].…”

Tumor expression of adiponectin receptor 2 and lethal prostate cancer

“…Both FASN and AdipoR2 play key roles in fatty acid and lipid metabolism, and both have close relationships with insulin; insulin increases expression of FASN in adipocytes, whereas AdipoR2 expression has been shown to be associated with insulin sensitivity (43). Further, overexpression of the adiponectin receptors in animal studies have demonstrated their ability to stimulate fatty acid oxidation via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (44,45), whereas FASN is thought to be inversely related to adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation. These inconsistencies again point to a complex causal pathway and add further evidence for the important role of insulin and lipid metabolism in prostate cancer.…”