Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic co-resistance among carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Khurshid, Mohsin; Rasool, Muhammad Hidayat; Siddique, Muhammad Hussnain; Azeem, Farrukh; Naeem, Muhammad; Sohail, Muhammad; Sarfraz, M.; Saqalein, Muhammad; Taj, Zeeshan; Nisar, Muhammad Atif; Qamar, Muhammad Usman

doi:10.3855/jidc.11410

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…and the 208-bp fragment corresponding to the intergenic spacer region which is solely present in A. baumannii strains as described previously. 2,4 Furthermore, the isolates were subjected to PCR to detect the intrinsic bla OXA-51-like genes as described previously. 2,4 The strains were stored at -80°C (40% Glycerol stocks) using brain heart infusion (BHI) broth (Oxoid, UK) and were grown on Luria-Bertani Broth (Oxoid, UK).…”

Section: Bacterial Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remarkable ability of Acinetobacter baumannii strains to develop resistance to various groups of antimicrobial agents through a mutational event or lateral acquisition of foreign genes have made this pathogen successful in healthcare settings. [1][2][3][4] The aminoglycosides along with beta-lactam drugs are used for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. 5 The combination of beta-lactams and colistin is also recommended in some studies however as far as the clinical success is concerned, the combination therapy was not found to have any clear advantage over colistin monotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acinetobacter baumannii Sequence Types Harboring Genes Encoding Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes and 16SrRNA Methylase; a Multicenter Study from Pakistan

Khurshid¹,

Rasool²,

Ashfaq³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Introduction: The aminoglycosides are widely used for the therapeutic management of infections caused by gram-negative bacteria, including the Acinetobacter baumannii strains. However, the resistance to the members of the aminoglycoside family, such as amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin, is increasingly being common among the clinical isolates. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the presence of 16SrRNA methylases and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) genes among aminoglycoside resistant A. baumannii isolates and to study the genetic diversity of the clinical population of A. baumannii in local hospitals. Material and Methods: The 143 A. baumannii clinical strains were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility, genetic screening for enzymes conferring aminoglycosides resistance followed by the multilocus sequence typing. Results: The 133/143 (93%) isolates were non-susceptible to at least one of the tested aminoglycosides, including amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. The MIC distribution has shown that 87.486.7% strains were resistant to amikacin and gentamicin, respectively. The aphA6, aadB, aacC1, and aphA1 were found in 74.1%, 59.4%, 16.1%, and 11.2% isolates, respectively, whereas the armA was found in 28% of the strains having a higher MIC value (MIC; ≥256µg/mL). The MLST data have shown that the ST589 and ST2 were the most common STs and corresponded to 51 (35.7%) and 38 (26.6%) isolates, respectively, and few of the isolates corresponding to these STs were found to harbor the armA gene with a variable genotypic profile for AMEs. Discussion: The study has reported the incidence of various enzymes conferring aminoglycoside resistance among the A. baumannii clones for the first time from Pakistan. The findings suggest the possibility of transmission of aminoglycoside resistance determinants through the lateral gene transfer as well as clonal dissemination.

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Section: Bacterial Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acinetobacter baumannii Sequence Types Harboring Genes Encoding Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes and 16SrRNA Methylase; a Multicenter Study from Pakistan

Khurshid¹,

Rasool²,

Ashfaq³

et al. 2020

IDR

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“… 8 Infections caused by CR-AB pathogens are difficult to treat due to the acquisition of various resistant genes such as class D oxacillinase (OXA) and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL). 9 The New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases (NDM) belong to a superfamily of class B MBL-producing bacteria, 10 which was first identified in a Swedish patient who sought medical attention in New Delhi, India, in 2009. 11 NDM pathogens are resistant to β-lactams and other antibiotic classes, including aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, and are only susceptible to the potentially toxic colistin and polymyxin B antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of Extensively-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Sequence Type 2 Co-Harboring blaNDM and blaOXA From Clinical Origin

Ejaz¹,

Ahmad²,

Younas

et al. 2021

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Background:The therapeutic management of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB) represents a serious challenge to the public health sector because these pathogens are resistant to a wide range of antibiotics, resulting in limited treatment options. The present study was planned to investigate the clonal spread of CR-AB in a clinical setting. Methodology: A total of 174 A. baumannii clinical isolates were collected from a tertiary care hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. The isolates were confirmed by VITEK 2 compact system and molecular identification of recA and bla OXA-51 . Antimicrobial profile and the screening of carbapenem-resistant genes were carried out using VITEK 2 system and PCR, respectively. The molecular typing of the isolates was performed according to the Pasteur scheme. Results: Of the 174 A. baumannii isolates collected, the majority were isolated from sputum samples (46.5%) and in the intensive care unit (ICU, 75%). Among these, 113/174 (64.9%) were identified as CR-AB, and 49.5% and 24.7% harbored bla OXA-23 and bla NDM-1 , respectively. A total of 11 (9.7%) isolates co-harbored bla OXA-51 , bla NDM-1 , and bla OXA-23 . Interestingly, 46.9% of the CR-AB belonged to sequence type 2 (ST2; CC1), whereas 15.9% belonged to ST1 (CC1). All of the CR-AB isolates showed extensive resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics, except colistin. Conclusion:The study concluded CR-AB ST2 clone harboring bla OXA-23 and bla NDM-1 are widely distributed in Pakistan's clinical settings, which could result in increased mortality. Strict compliance with the National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance is necessary to reduce the impacts of these strains.

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“…These enzymes are b-lactamases of Ambler class A, class D, and class B (Metallo-β-lactamases; MBLs). 1,10,[12][13][14] Currently, a total of 5 Carbapenemases are key public health concerns, among them, New Delhi Metallo-βlactamase-1 (NDM-1) has attracted the most attention because bla NDM-1 has diverse antibiotic resistance activity. 15 The bla NDM-1 was the first time reported in K. pneumoniae isolated from an Indian patient in Sweden in 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of blaNDM-1 Harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae ST29 and ST11 in Veterinary Settings and Waste of Pakistan

Chaudhry

Aslam

Arshad

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Intense livestock farming practices enforcing the farmers to use antibiotics as food supplements on a routine basis. Aberrant use of antibiotics is associated with the emergence of antibiotics resistance and resistant superbugs. Keeping in view the current scenario, the present study was designed for the first time from Pakistan with a specific aim to estimate the prevalence of the carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in veterinary settings and the waste in Pakistan. Methods: A total of 138 samples from various veterinary sources were collected by employing a nonprobability sampling technique. Isolation and phenotypic identification of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae were performed according to the CLSI standard. Molecular detection of various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was done through PCR by using specific primers against each ARG. According to the pasture scheme, the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to characterize the K. pneumoniae sequence types (STs). Results: According to the results of the study, overall 9.4% (13/138) isolates were confirmed carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. Among various carbapenem ARGs particularly, the bla NDM-1 was found in 92.3% (12/13) isolates followed by bla OXA-48 84.6% (11/13). MLST results revealed that overall 3 STs were found in the study which includes ST29, ST11, and ST258. Taking together, this is the first study to our best knowledge which demonstrated the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and its various STs prevalent in veterinary settings and the waste of Pakistan. Conclusion: Based on the above-mentioned facts, we suggested that veterinary settings and waste are the potential source and reservoir of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae, which may be disseminated to the environment and ultimately can affect the public and companion livestock health.

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Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic co-resistance among carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

<p><em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> Sequence Types Harboring Genes Encoding Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes and 16SrRNA Methylase; a Multicenter Study from Pakistan</p>

<p><em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> Sequence Types Harboring Genes Encoding Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes and 16SrRNA Methylase; a Multicenter Study from Pakistan</p>

Molecular Epidemiology of Extensively-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Sequence Type 2 Co-Harboring blaNDM and blaOXA From Clinical Origin

<p>Emergence of <em>bla</em><sub>NDM-1</sub> Harboring <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> ST29 and ST11 in Veterinary Settings and Waste of Pakistan</p>

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