Molecular model of Estonian kukersite kerogen evaluated by 13C MAS NMR spectra☆

Gas evolution during kerogen pyrolysis of Estonian Kukersite shale in confined gold tube system

“…The acids were subsequently removed by exhaustive washing with distilled water. The elemental composition (wt%, C-77.0; H-9.68; O-10.6; S-1.7; Cl-0.72; N-0.36) and thermal maturity (VRo = 0.48%) of Kukersite kerogen (d 13 C = À31.5‰) has been previously reported (Lille et al, 2003;Mastalerz et al, 2003).…”

“…Previous studies have suggested that n-alkanes are formed by free radical reactions of n-alkane moieties in kerogen, whereas the branched iso-alkanes can originate from either (1) free radical cracking of branched hydrocarbon structures within kerogen or bitumen; or (2) carbonium ion reaction of a-olefins with protons (Kissin, 1987). The structure of Kukersite kerogen has been investigated with a range of analytical techniques including solid state 13 C NMR spectra (Lille et al, 2003), RuO 4 chemical degradation, FTIR and flash pyrolysis-GC-MS (Blokker et al, 2001;Lille, 2004). These studies have consistently identified a higher proportion of long aliphatic chains than side chains in the structure of Kukersite kerogen, which explain the very small ratios (< 0.4) of i-C 4 /n-C 4 and i-C 5 /n-C 5 in the present data.…”

Determination of Heating Value of Estonian Oil Shale by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

“…It is known that carbon and hydrogen are the main constituent elements of kerogen [15]. In 220-850 nm spectral range, the only reliably detectable carbon line was the one at 247.8 nm.…”

Modeling study of oil shale pyrolysis in rotary drum reactor by solid heat carrier

“…The modeling of the kerogen molecular structure is based on analysis of experimental data, and is a useful tool for the description of the main steps of the thermal decomposition of this complex macromolecule [30,31]. Kerogen of Baltic kukersite is highly aliphatic organic compound [32] belonged to kerogen of II/I type in classification scheme [33].…”