2003
DOI: 10.1063/1.1580193
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Molecular nitrogen (N2−) acceptors and isolated nitrogen (N−) acceptors in ZnO crystals

Abstract: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been used to investigate molecular nitrogen and isolated nitrogen acceptors in single crystals of ZnO. These samples were grown by the seeded chemical vapor transport method with N2 added to the gas stream. A five-line EPR spectrum is observed at low temperature in the as-grown bulk crystals and is assigned to N2− molecules substituting for oxygen. This structure arises from nearly equal hyperfine interactions with two nitrogen nuclei (14N, 99.63% abundant, I=1). The s… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
3
1
1

Citation Types

13
69
3

Year Published

2004
2004
2014
2014

Publication Types

Select...
5
3

Relationship

0
8

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 83 publications
(85 citation statements)
references
References 37 publications
13
69
3
Order By: Relevance
“…¼ 20:1 MHz for the hyperfine parameters, assuming a spin of S ¼ 1/2 for the system. 9 Comparing these parameters to those of the N O centers (g k ¼ 1:995; g ? ¼ 1:963 and A k ¼ 81:1 MHz; A ?…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…¼ 20:1 MHz for the hyperfine parameters, assuming a spin of S ¼ 1/2 for the system. 9 Comparing these parameters to those of the N O centers (g k ¼ 1:995; g ? ¼ 1:963 and A k ¼ 81:1 MHz; A ?…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…By EPR, it was also possible to identify N 2 -pair centers which were considered to be acceptors with probably deep level character. 9 This situation motivated us to investigate the recharging behavior of the N 2 centers in more detail by photo-EPR. We find N O and N 2 centers being present in our samples and upon photon irradiation with energies larger than 1.9 eV both signals were greatly enhanced.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed isolated nitrogen acceptors (N O ) were identified by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. [1][2][3] The EPR signals of the isolated nitrogen centers were first observed in nominally undoped ZnO single crystals and later also in ammonia treated ZnO powders. 4,5 To our knowledge, the isolated nitrogen acceptors were never observed in intentionally doped epitaxial films or single crystals, although evidence for the presence of high concentrations of nitrogen was obtained by other characterization methods.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[6][7][8] For the EPR experiments on the N centers the samples had to be illuminated by light to convert them to the paramagnetic charge state (N 0 ). [1][2][3] This illumination was needed because residual shallow donors were present in the samples causing the nitrogen centers to be in the negative EPR inactive charge state (N À ). It was noticed that photon energies of about 2.4 eV were already sufficient to carry out this conversion process and in comparison to the band gap energy of 3.4 eV it might give already a hint that isolated nitrogen is a deep level center, rather than being a shallow acceptor.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been reported 8) that, according to the XAFS results, the optically active Er in ZnO (ErO 6 ) was at the center of an oxygen octahedron with unequal edge lengths, while showing the C 4v symmetry. Also, there have been many reports [16][17][18][19] on the N-doping into ZnO to explore the p-type conductivity. At this moment, it is however difficult to distinguish a N-doping effect from synergistic oxygen effects, since, in those reports, the N-doped ZnO specimens were also annealed in air or oxygen atmosphere at high temperatures.…”
Section: Direct Annealing In Airmentioning
confidence: 99%