2012
DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x1200003x
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Molecular phylogenetics of the elephant schistosome Bivitellobilharzia loxodontae (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae) from the Central African Republic

Abstract: One of the most poorly known of all schistosomes infecting mammals is Bivitellobilharzia loxodontae. Nearly all of our available information about this species comes from the original description of worms that were obtained from an animal park-maintained elephant in Germany, probably a forest elephant Loxodonta cyclotis, originating from the present-day Democratic Republic of Congo. We obtained schistosome eggs from faecal samples from wild forest elephants from the Central African Republic. The eggs, which we… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…In general, based on what we know now, our results are in agreement with a recent study of B. loxodontae from African forest elephants (Brant et al, 2012) The dash indicates no significant node support. elephant/rhino schistosome supports the concept of two separate species within Bivitellobilharzia, and that this genus represents a distinct lineage within the Schistosomatidae.…”
Section: Schistosoma Intercalatumsupporting
confidence: 95%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In general, based on what we know now, our results are in agreement with a recent study of B. loxodontae from African forest elephants (Brant et al, 2012) The dash indicates no significant node support. elephant/rhino schistosome supports the concept of two separate species within Bivitellobilharzia, and that this genus represents a distinct lineage within the Schistosomatidae.…”
Section: Schistosoma Intercalatumsupporting
confidence: 95%
“…Until recently, most of our current molecular knowledge of B. nairi has been from elephants in Sri Lanka (Agatsuma et al, 2004;Brant et al, 2006) but very little is known about this species in other parts of its range. A recent study has provided the first molecular sequence data for B. loxodontae, confirming that the two species in the genus are distinct from one another and united within a monophyletic group, thus upholding Bivitellobilharzia as a distinct schistosome genus (Brant et al, 2012).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…We also note a few new observations regarding schistosomes of elephants. Provision of sequence data for the two known species of Bivitellobilharzia, B. loxodontae and B. nairi , from African and Indian elephants, respectively, indicates that they are each other's closest relatives, and affirms Bivitellobilharzia as a well-defined schistosome lineage [48]. The position of Bivitellobilharzia as the sister group of Schistosoma has important implications for interpreting the geographic origin of the latter, medically important genus [28, 49].…”
Section: Schistosomes and Their Use Of Definitive Hostsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The genus Bivitellobilharzia is considered a schistosome of elephants, but it has also been reported from wild rhinoceroses in Nepal (38)(39)(40)(41). There are no known reports of cercarial dermatitis in humans from areas inhabited by African elephants (with the Bivitellobilharzia loxodontae schistosome), but in areas where domesticated Asian elephants are used, there have been cases of dermatitis in the mahouts, or elephant handlers, when the elephants are taken for bathing (e.g., in Sri Lanka [40]).…”
Section: Diversity Of Schistosomes Causing Dermatitismentioning
confidence: 99%