Molecular Structure of Feeds in Relation to Nutrient Utilization and Availability in Animals: A Novel Approach

Yu, Peiqiang; Prates, Luciana L.

doi:10.1016/j.eng.2017.03.007

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Processes such as grinding, conditioning, roasting, pelleting, and extrusion change the three-dimensional structure, functional properties, and digestibility of Lys, protein, starch, and dietary fiber (van der Poel et al, 2020). Therefore, the molecular structure of feeds (Yu and Prates, 2017) and effects of various types of feed processing (de Vries et al, 2012;Rojas and Stein, 2015;Salazar-Villanea et al, 2016) on protein and AA digestibility must be considered when attempting to improve NUE in swine diets.…”

Section: Feed Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities for improving nitrogen utilization efficiency for more sustainable pork production

Shurson

Kerr

2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

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Pork is one of the most consumed animal-derived protein sources around the world, but less than 45% of dietary nitrogen (N) is converted into edible lean meat. This inefficiency contributes to the 80% of human-induced N emissions that have resulted in exceeding the planetary boundaries for N. Reducing this inefficiency requires using a multifaceted approach. Swine genetic selection programs have improved the rate of lean growth in recent decades, but further improvements may be difficult because of lack of genetic variation within the global pig population. Breeding programs to increase litter size have led to intrauterine growth restriction and an increased proportion of low-birth-weight piglets which do not utilize dietary protein as efficiently as normal birth weight pigs. Intact males have greater lean growth rate and N efficiency than castrates and gilts, and the use of immunocastration technology has been implemented in some countries to capture this benefit while minimizing boar taint in pig meat. Use of other metabolic modifiers including porcine somatotropin and ractopamine, alone or in combination with immunocastration, can further enhance lean growth and dietary N efficiency, but a general lack of consumer acceptance and potential food safety concerns have led to regulatory restrictions in many countries. Because feed production contributes about 70% of N emissions in pig production systems, use of precision feed formulation and feeding practices, selected dietary feed additives, feed processing, and minimizing feed wastage appear to offer the greatest opportunity to reduce N waste and environmental footprint to improve the sustainability of pork production.

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Section: Feed Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities for improving nitrogen utilization efficiency for more sustainable pork production

Shurson

Kerr

2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

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“…Chondrocytes are the cartilage‐specific cells, which are in charge of secreting cartilage‐specific extracellular matrix (ECM) and maintaining cartilage homeostasis . Chondrocytes are naturally regarded as one candidate of therapeutic cells for articular cartilage tissue engineering . It is generally isolated from articular cartilage by combination of mechanical separation and enzymatic digestion under aseptic conditions .…”

Section: Therapeutic Cells and Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering: A Review on Therapeutic Cells and Macromolecular Scaffolds

Zhao

Fan

Chen

et al. 2019

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Repair and regeneration of articular cartilage lesions have always been a major challenge in the medical field due to its peculiar structure (e.g., sparsely distributed chondrocytes, no blood supply, no nerves). Articular cartilage tissue engineering is considered as one promising strategy to achieve reconstruction of cartilage. With this perspective, the articular cartilage tissue engineering has been widely studied. Here, the recent progress of articular cartilage tissue engineering is reviewed. The ad hoc therapeutic cells and growth factors for cartilage regeneration are summarized and discussed. Various types of bio/macromolecular scaffolds together with their pros and cons are also reviewed and elaborated.

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“…Recent studies suggested that the molecular structure of roughages could be revealed by advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopy techniques, for example, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) [13][14][15]. Thus, it is possible to associate the protein chemical profiles and in situ degradation parameters with the spectral data of specific inherent structures [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of growing regions on morphological characteristics, protein subfractions, rumen degradation and molecular structures of various whole-plant silage corn cultivars

Zhang,

Khan,

Yao

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Little information exists on the variation in morphological characteristics, nutritional value, ruminal degradability, and molecular structural makeup of diverse whole-plant silage corn (WPSC) cultivars among different growing regions. This study investigated the between-regions (Beijing, Urumchi, Cangzhou, Liaoyuan, Tianjin) discrepancies in five widely used WPSC cultivars in China (FKBN, YQ889, YQ23, DK301 and ZD958), in terms of 1) morphological characteristics; 2) crude protein (CP) chemical profile; 3) Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) CP subfractions; 4) in situ CP degradation kinetics; and 5) CP molecular structures. Our results revealed significant growing region and WPSC cultivar interaction for all estimated morphological characteristics (P < 0.001), CP chemical profile (P < 0.001), CNCPS subfractions (P < 0.001) and CP molecular structural features (P < 0.05). Except ear weight (P = 0.18), all measured morphological characteristics varied among different growing regions (P < 0.001). Besides, WPSC cultivars planted in different areas had remarkably different CP chemical profiles and CNCPS subfractions (P < 0.001). All spectral parameters of protein primary structure of WPSC differed (P < 0.05) due to the growing regions, except amide II area (P = 0.28). Finally, the area ratio of amide I to II was negatively correlated with the contents of soluble CP (δ = -0.66; P = 0.002), CP (δ = -0.61; P = 0.006), non-protein nitrogen (δ = -0.56; P = 0.004) and acid detergent insoluble CP (δ = -0.43; P = 0.008), in conjunction with a positive correlation with moderately degradable CP (PB1; δ = 0.58; P = 0.01). In conclusion, the cultivar of DK301 exhibited high and stable CP content. The WPSC planted in Beijing showed high CP, SCP and NPN. The low rumen degradable protein of WPSC was observed in Urumchi. Meanwhile, above changes in protein profiles and digestibility were strongly connected with the ratio of amide I and amide II.

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Molecular Structure of Feeds in Relation to Nutrient Utilization and Availability in Animals: A Novel Approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Challenges and opportunities for improving nitrogen utilization efficiency for more sustainable pork production

Challenges and opportunities for improving nitrogen utilization efficiency for more sustainable pork production

Progress in Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering: A Review on Therapeutic Cells and Macromolecular Scaffolds

Effect of growing regions on morphological characteristics, protein subfractions, rumen degradation and molecular structures of various whole-plant silage corn cultivars

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