Molecular systematics of the Labeonini inhabiting the karst regions in southwest China (Teleostei, Cypriniformes)

Abstract

The major phylogenetic pattern of the cyprinid tribe Labeonini has been revealed by previous molecular studies; however, the relationships within a clade that mainly inhabits the karst regions, which we refer to as the “karst group”, in southwest China remain unresolved due to the low taxon sampling. This group includes more than 50% of the genera and species of Labeonini in China. Moreover, more than 90% of the genera of this group are endemic to China. In addition, some new genera and species of Labeonini have been discovered from these karst regions, but their taxonomic validity and phylogenetic position have not been examined. In this contribution, partial sequences of four nuclear (exon 3 of recombination activating protein 1, rhodopsin, early growth response protein 2B gene and interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein gene) and three mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase subunit I and 16S ribosomal RNA) from 36 ingroup taxa and 25 outgroup taxa were analyzed to provide a hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships within the labeonins of the karst regions in China. We propose that the monophyly of Parasinilabeo, Ptychidio, Rectoris and Semilabeo are supported. A new genus, Prolixicheilus, is erected for Pseudogyrinocheilus longisulcus. Cophecheilus bamen is the sister to Prolixicheilus longisulcus. Ptychidio, Pseudocrossocheilus, Semilabeo, Rectoris and Stenorynchoacrum are closely related with high support values. Sinocrossocheilus, Pseudogyrinocheilus, Paraqianlabeo, Hongshuia, Discogobio and Discocheilus form a clade together with high support. Considering molecular results and morphological differences, Parasinilabeo longicorpus and Ptychidio macrops might be the synonyms of Parasinilabeo assimilis and Ptychidio jordani respectively. Comprehensive taxonomic revisions of the two genera Parasinilabeo and Ptychidio may be necessary.

Phylogenetic classification of extant genera of fishes of the order Cypriniformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi)

“…Therefore, Sinigarra could be a synonym of Ageneiogarra, given that Ageneiogarra has priority over Sinigarra. Zheng et al (2016) also reconstructed relationships among Chinese karst labeonines, recovering Prolixicheilus, Paraqianlabeo, and Cophecheilus as closely-related to other members of 'Semilabeonini'. Hence, they are listed under 'Semilabeonini' here.…”

Complete mitochondrial genome of Guigarra cailaoensis Wang, Chen & Zheng, 2022 (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) and its phylogenetic implications

“…The main divergence was observed in the placement of the Decorus decorus and Decorus rendahli lineage, located in Clade IV in datasets 1 and 2 but in Clade II in dataset 3. Guigarra cailaoensis was positioned in Clade IV, corresponding to the fourth clade described by Yang et al (2012) and within the karst group defined by Zheng et al (2016) . Currently, approximately eight genera within Labeoninae are characterized by the presence of an oral disc on the lower lip, including Ageneiogarra , Ceratogarra , Discocheilus , Discogobio , Garra , Guigarra , Sinigarra , and Placocheilus ( Wang et al 2022 ).…”

“…Previous research on the subfamily Labeoninae has predominantly focused on taxonomy, particularly the description of new genera and species, as well as molecular phylogenetics. In recent years, various new Labeoninae genera and species from the karst region of southwestern China have been described, including Sinigarra Zhang & Zhou, 2012, Paraqianlabeo Zhao, Sullivan, Zhang & Peng, 2014, Prolixicheilus Zheng, Chen & Yang, 2016, Zuojiangia Zheng, He, Yang & Wu, 2018, Lanlabeo Yao, He & Peng, 2018, and Guigarra Wang, Chen & Zheng, 2022 ( Zhang and Zhou 2012 ; Zhao et al 2014 ; Zheng et al 2016 , 2018 ; Yao et al 2018 ; Wang et al 2022 ), highlighting the rich species diversity in this subfamily. Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic studies have elucidated the phylogenetic relationships within the subfamily and validated the classification of genera ( Yang and Mayden 2010 ; Zheng et al 2010 , 2012 ; Yang et al 2012 ).…”

“…Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic studies have elucidated the phylogenetic relationships within the subfamily and validated the classification of genera ( Yang and Mayden 2010 ; Zheng et al 2010 , 2012 ; Yang et al 2012 ). Yang et al (2012) identified four primary clades within the subfamily Labeoninae , with Zheng et al (2016) defining the karst group as part of the fourth clade. Wang et al (2022) further established that G. cailaoensis belongs to this karst group.…”