Molecular weight distribution of carrageenans studied by a combined gel permeation/inductively coupled plasma (GPC/ICP) method

Uno, Yoshitaka; Omoto, Toshio; Goto, Yasunori; Asai, Iwao; Nakamura, Mikio; Maitani, Tamio

doi:10.1080/02652030117235

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although the curves regionally overlap reasonably well we would not take that plot for an appropriate substitute of direct molar mass detection. This is not the place to make a statement on the validity of the principle of universal calibration, but in our own studies universal calibration has always been superior to the proposal made in Ref 45…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

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Physicochemical characterization of carrageenans—A critical reinvestigation

Berth¹,

Vuković

Lechner

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Kappa-, iota-, and lambda-carrageenan (food grade) were analyzed by static light scattering (MALS in batch mode) in 0.1M NaNO 3 at 25 and 60 C, earlier heated up to 90 C or not. At 25 C, there was a strong tendency for a concentration-dependent aggregation in the order lambda < kappa < iota. At 60 C, all samples were molecularly dispersed. The strongly temperature-dependent refractive index increments (equilibrium dialysis) differ. Data interpretation in terms of the wormlike chain model using the Skolnik-Odijk-Fixman approach led to an intrinsic persistence length around 3 to 4 nm and expansion factors as high as 1.5 and above in a thermodynamically good solvent for all three types. and a nearly identical molar mass dependence of the radius of gyration. HPSEC at 25 C on kappa-carrageenan confirmed formation of soluble aggregates. Special emphasis was put on analytical and methodological aspects. The reliability of the experimental data was demonstrated by analogous measurements on dextran calibration standards.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…This is not the place to make a statement on the validity of the principle of universal calibration, but in our own studies universal calibration has always been superior to the proposal made in Ref. 45.…”

Section: Searching For Good Separation Conditions For Carrageenansmentioning

confidence: 52%

Physicochemical characterization of carrageenans—A critical reinvestigation

Berth¹,

Vuković

Lechner

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Interest in establishing a specification of the LMT of CGN originated in a 2003 opinion expressed by the European Commission's Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) (European Commission 2003). The SCF evaluated a 2001 paper by Uno et al (2001b). This research team reported that they analyzed more than two dozen samples of CGN and measured the weight average molecular weight at greater than 450,000 Da.…”

Section: Gel Formation No Gel Formation Functional Properties In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarifying the confusion between poligeenan, degraded carrageenan, and carrageenan: A review of the chemistry, nomenclature, andin vivotoxicology by the oral route

McKim¹,

Willoughby²,

Blakemore³

et al. 2018

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Carrageenan (CGN) is a common food additive that has been widely used for decades as a gelling, thickening and stabilizing agent. Carrageenan has been proven safe for human consumption; however, there has been significant confusion in the literature between CGN and the products of intentional acid-hydrolysis of CGN, which are degraded CGN (d-CGN) and poligeenan (PGN). In part, this confusion was due to the nomenclature used in early studies on CGN, where poligeenan was referred to as "degraded carrageenan" (d-CGN) and "degraded carrageenan" was simply referred to as carrageenan. Although this nomenclature has been corrected, confusion still exists resulting in misinterpretation of data and the subsequent dissemination of incorrect information regarding the safe dietary use of CGN. The lack of understanding of the molecular weight distribution of CGN has further exacerbated the issue. The significant differences in chemistry, manufacture, and protein reactivity of CGN versus d-CGN and PGN are reviewed, in addition to the in vivo toxicological profiles of CGN, d-CGN, and PGN. As CGN cannot be hydrolyzed to PGN in vivo, concerns over the use of CGN as a food additive are unfounded, particularly since current studies support the lack of oncogenic and tumorigenic activity of CGN in humans.

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“…Also, some cellular therapy related studies and ideas to use hydrocolloid ma-terial with prostheses can be found in the literature. [15][16][17][18] Candidates for replacing these gums are difficult to find. In analytics, the preparation of biopsy samples has been reported to become easier if glucomannan-based special fixation support agents are used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical examples are guar gum, gum arabic, carrageenan, and xanthan gum, all of which have high molar masses, possess good properties for modifying solution viscosities, and act as emulsifying agents. [15][16][17][18] Candidates for replacing these gums are difficult to find. A common denominator for these products is the requirement of high molar mass, as it is one of the key factors governing their beneficial properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obtaining Spruce Hemicelluloses of Desired Molar Mass by using Pressurized Hot Water Extraction

Rissanen

Grénman

et al. 2014

ChemSusChem

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There is growing interest in utilizing galactoglucomannan, the main hemicellulose in softwoods, for various applications such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, alimentary, and health products, as well as for the production of fuels. For fuel production and for using the rare sugars as platform chemicals, the hemicelluloses need to be hydrolyzed to sugar monomers, and for this purpose, low‐molecular‐mass extracts are favorable. However, for the other applications high molecular masses are required, which presents an even greater challenge for extraction. The ability to optimize the extraction process according to the needs of further processing, by using solely water as the solvent, is a key issue in the environmentally friendly utilization of this versatile raw material. The goal of this work is to study how the average molar mass of hemicelluloses extracted from spruce sapwood can be influenced by altering the experimental conditions. The main parameters influencing the extraction and hydrolysis of the hemicelluloses, namely, extraction time, temperature, pH, and chip size, were studied. The results show that it is feasible to develop an extraction process for harvesting spruce hemicelluloses, also of large molar masses, for industrial applications by using pressurized hot water extraction.

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Molecular weight distribution of carrageenans studied by a combined gel permeation/inductively coupled plasma (GPC/ICP) method

Cited by 31 publications

References 14 publications

Physicochemical characterization of carrageenans—A critical reinvestigation

Physicochemical characterization of carrageenans—A critical reinvestigation

Clarifying the confusion between poligeenan, degraded carrageenan, and carrageenan: A review of the chemistry, nomenclature, andin vivotoxicology by the oral route

Obtaining Spruce Hemicelluloses of Desired Molar Mass by using Pressurized Hot Water Extraction

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