Molecular weights of adrenocorticotropic hormone in extracts of anterior and intermediate-posterior lobes of mouse pituitary.

Mains, Richard E.; Eipper, Betty A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.72.9.3565

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…as suggested by the com pletely different changes noted in the concentration of bio active ACTH. Corticotropic activity of PI from adult mice and rats [8,16,37] is due to peptides of high, medium and low molecular weights; various entities containing the NH:-terminal portion of 1-39 ACTH have also been demonstrat ed in rat NIL by using R1A [8,13,17,21,24]; the relative proportion of the peptides varying according to the authors. Both high (30k) and medium (20k) molecular weight pep tides have been shown to serve as precursors in the process of biosynthesis of a-MSH and other peptides [5,18]; there is a controversy with regard to occurrence and concentration of low molecular weight ACTH [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Possible Dopaminergic Control of Pituitary Alpha-MSH during Ontogenesis in Mice

Schmitt¹,

Stoeckel²,

Koch³

1981

Neuroendocrinology

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This study was aimed at determining the α-MSH and ACTH contents of the neurointermediate lobe (NIL) of the mouse hypophysis during ontogenesis, as well as the ability of the gland, incubated in a perfusion system, to respond to dopamine (DA) and high potassium (K⁺). We showed that: (1) the NIL content of α-MSH exhibited a biphasic pattern of evolution, characterized by a dramatic increase appearing between postnatal days 3 and 5. By contrast, NIL ACTH content followed a completely different pattern of evolution; (2) both DA and high K⁺ reversibly inhibited MSH release from superfused NIL, the latter effect being more pronounced with the use of pituitaries from 7-day-old than from 1-day-old mice; (3) the inhibitory influence of high K⁺ was impaired by haloperidol pretreatment. From these data, as well as from morphological observations, it appears that functional DA receptors seem to be present on melanotrophs of the developing hypophysis in mice and that the increase in α-MSH in IL cells observed shortly after birth may result from the onset of inhibitory influence exerted by dopaminergic innervation on hormonal secretion. This view, however, does not preclude possible effects of other hypothalamic releasing and/or inhibiting factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Possible Dopaminergic Control of Pituitary Alpha-MSH during Ontogenesis in Mice

Schmitt¹,

Stoeckel²,

Koch³

1981

Neuroendocrinology

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“…The presence of high molecular weight forms of ACTH in a variety of animal pituitaries has suggested that this peptide is also synthesized from larger precursors [4][5][6]. Several lines of evidence suggest that sequential proteolytic processing is involved in the generation of bio logically active peptides, including ACTH, a-melanocyte-stimulating hor mone (a-MSH), P-lipotropin (p-LPH), P-MSH and endorphins from a com mon precursor [7][8][9], Our study was initially conducted to elucidate the possibility that bio logically inert ACTH precursors might become biologically active when degraded into smaller fragments. When a partially purified fraction of high molecular weight ACTH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of ACTH-Potentiating Factors in Rat Anterior Pituitary Glands

et al. 1981

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High molecular weight ACTH fractions, obtained through gel filtration of boiled rat anterior pituitary extract, induced a marked increase in corticosterone production from isolated rat adrenal cells in the presence of low concentrations of ACTH-(1-24). This indicates the presence of heat-stable factors augmenting the steroidogenic action of ACTH in the rat anterior pituitary. We also noted that these factors potentiated the activity not only of ACTH-(1-24) but also of ACTH-(1–18). The ACTH-potentiating factors in rat anterior pituitary extract are possibly present in heterogeneous forms according to their molecular weights (8,000, 10,000 and 15,000), their mobility in ion-exchange chromatography and their content in RIA-ACTH activity. Of these three forms, the former comigrated with biological ACTH activity. The remaining two forms were free of it. Since the effect of potentiating factors on modified ACTH-(1–19), shown to be less susceptible to proteolytic degradation than ACTH-(l-24), was similar to the effect on ACTH-(1-24), it is suggested that potentiation was not due to an inhibition of ACTH proteolysis.

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“…The function of the pars intermedia of the mammalian adenohypophysis is poorly understood as yet, though it is known that this tissue synthesizes and contains a series of hormonally active substances derived from a common precursor [Mains and Eipper, 1975;Eipper and Mains, 1978;Seidah et al, 1978;Zimmerman and Kraicer, 1978;Gianoulakis et al, 1979;Nakanishi et al, 1979;Mains and Eipper, 1979]. In contrast to other endocrine tissues, the pars inter media in many mammals has a poor to virtuallv non-existent vascular supply {Howe and Maxwell, 1968;Howe, 1973;Murakami, 1975].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Rat Neurointermediate Lobe Cells in Culture

Zimmerman¹,

Milligan²,

Joneja

1981

Cells Tissues Organs

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Enzymatically dispersed cells of the rat pars nervosa – pars intermedia (NI) were observed by scanning electron microscopy after 1, 2 and 4 days in culture. The cells attached to the plate slowly, requiring about 3–4 days for the majority to adhere. The epithelial cells became attached singly and in clumps and branched chains, often over a bed of fibroblast-like cells. After the first day in culture, few surface features were evident on the NI cells, but by day 2, the surfaces showed a small number of blebs. In 4-day cultures, the cells revealed extensive areas with blebs and microvilli, and a few structures resembling cilia were observed. The adrenocorticotrophic hormone content of the cells after 4 days in culture was similar to that found in fresh tissue.

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Molecular weights of adrenocorticotropic hormone in extracts of anterior and intermediate-posterior lobes of mouse pituitary.

Abstract: The molecular weight of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Cited by 38 publications

References 33 publications

Evidence for a Possible Dopaminergic Control of Pituitary Alpha-MSH during Ontogenesis in Mice

Evidence for a Possible Dopaminergic Control of Pituitary Alpha-MSH during Ontogenesis in Mice

Presence of ACTH-Potentiating Factors in Rat Anterior Pituitary Glands

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Rat Neurointermediate Lobe Cells in Culture

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