Molecularly Imprinted Electrosynthesized Polymers:  New Materials for Biomimetic Sensors

Malitesta, Cosimino; Losito, Ilario; Zambonin, P. G.

doi:10.1021/ac980674g

Cited by 337 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…5 One of many attraction features of the molecular imprinting technique is its application to a wide range of target molecules such as drugs, herbicides, carbohydrates, amino acids and other biologically and environmentally important molecules. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Detection applications are employing transduction mechanisms including conductometry, 6 amperometry, 7,8 voltammetry, 9,10 393 Vol. 23, No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis by precipitation polymerization of a molecularly imprinted polymer membrane for the potentiometric determination of sertraline in tablets and biological fluids

Arvand¹,

Hashemi²

2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Um quimiossensor potenciométrico para determinação seletiva de sertralina foi desenvolvido, baseado na técnica de impressão molecular. O polímero impresso molecularmente foi sintetizado através da polimerização por precipitação, usando hidrocloreto de sertralina como molécula molde, ácido metacrílico como monômero funcional e dimetacrilato de etileno glicol como um agente de ligação cruzada. O sensor foi desenvolvido pela dispersão das partículas de polímero impressas na sertralina, em plastificante dibutil sebacato e incorporação em matiz de poli(cloreto de vinila). As características do sensor proposto foram avaliadas medindo a resposta do potencial para hidrocloreto de sertralina, no intervalo de 1,0 µmol L -1 a 10 mmol L -1 com resposta Nernstiniana de 57,7 mV década -1 e um limite de detecção de 0,8 µmol L -1 . Os coeficientes de seletividade potenciométrica do sensor proposto foram avaliados e exibiram boa seletividade para sertralina com relação a outros antidepressivos. Foi usado como eletrodo indicador na determinação potenciométrica de sertralina em comprimidos e fluidos biológicos.A potentiometric chemosensor for selective determination of sertraline was developed based on the molecular imprinting technique. The molecularly imprinted polymer was synthesized by precipitation polymerization, using sertraline hydrochloride as a template molecule, methacrylic acid as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linking agent. The sensor was developed by dispersing the sertraline imprinted polymer particles in dibutyl sebacate plasticizer and embedding in poly(vinyl chloride) matrix. Characteristics of the proposed sensor were evaluated by measuring the potential response to sertraline hydrochloride in the range from 1.0 µmol L -1 to 10 mmol L -1 with a near Nernstian response of 57.7 mV decade -1 and a limit of detection of 0.8 µmol L -1 . The potentiometric selectivity coefficients of the proposed sensor were evaluated and it exhibited good selectivity to sertraline with respect to the other antidepressants. It was used as indicator electrode in potentiometric determination of sertraline in tablets and biological fluids.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23, No. 3, 2012 quartz microbalance, 11,12 surface plasmon resonance 13, 14 and field effect devices. 15,16 Potentiometric technique is also well-known versatile, simple, rapid and inexpensive method for determination of target ion (molecule).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis by precipitation polymerization of a molecularly imprinted polymer membrane for the potentiometric determination of sertraline in tablets and biological fluids

Arvand¹,

Hashemi²

2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…6 In this work, we report on a more straightforward path to synthesize a templated polypyrrole (PPy) film through overoxidization (Fig. 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Overoxidized Polypyrrole with Dopant Complementary Cavities as a New Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Matrix

1999

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Conducting polymers have attracted much attention for a number of applications, such as batteries, sensors, ion-selective membranes and electronic devices. Polymers such as polypyrrole and polyaniline incorporate an anionic dopant to compensate for the cationic charge carried by their backbones. It has been reported that the dopant determines the porosity of the polymer (network spacing), and that this feature has been utilized for ion selective electrodes to recognize some inorganic anions selectively.2,3 However, it has not yet been clarified whether conducting polymers can detect molecular details in a more precise manner through a cavity created by a dopant, based on molecular imprinting protocols. We report here that such recognition becomes possible if polypyrrole film is dedoped by overoxidization.Molecular recognition with a molecularly imprinted polymer is attributed to the uptake of an analyte in shapecomplementary cavities. At present, primarily acrylatebased, styrene-based or silane-based polymeric materials are being used most frequently as recognition matrixes. 4 However, to our knowledge, the direct application of conducting polymers for such use has been very rare. Brajter-Toth et al. have studied overoxidized polypyrrole films templated with neutral molecules, such as adenosine and inosine, to find only poor recognition abilities.5 Very recently, Zambonin et al. reported on poly(o-phenylenediamine) film imprinted by glucose. 6 In this work, we report on a more straightforward path to synthesize a templated polypyrrole (PPy) film through overoxidization (Fig. 1). The optical isomers of glutamic acid (Glu) were chosen here as template molecules.The PPy/L-Glu films used were deposited galvanostatically (0.05 -0.1 mA cm -2 ) on 9 MHz Pt-coated AT-cut quartz crystals (exposed area, 0.20 cm 2 ) in an aqueoussolution containing 0.5 M pyrrole and 1.0 M sodium Lglutamate for 120 -90 min. These films were then overoxidized potentiodynamically over the range of -0.3 to 1.0 V at a scan rate of 40 mV s -1 in a pH 6.9 phosphate buffer. The frequency change of the PPy/L-Glu film in electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) experiments in a phosphate buffer (pH 6.9) was recorded during potentiodynamic overoxidation. The mass decreases due to dedoping after the 15th cycle were approximately evaluated as 7.5 µg cm -2 (41 nmol cm -2 ) by using Sauerbrey's equation (Fig. 1 A). 7 It has been suggested that a nucleophilic attack of water molecules during overoxidation introduces carbonyl groups, which destroy the conjugated system in the polymer backbone.8-12 The above-described mass decrease matches well with how the conductivity of a dried film decreased from 6.7×10 -7 to 5.0×10cm -1 . Further, the intensity of the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra, assigned to polarons, decreased markedly (∼85%) after overoxidation of PPy/Glu film. Despite the high electronic resistance, the film displayed good ionic conductivity as an electrode coating.

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“…[49][50][51][52] Molecular imprinting involves the polymerization of functional monomers in the presence of template molecules and initiators. After polymerization, the template molecules are removed, leaving sites with induced molecular memory that are capable of recognizing the print molecules.…”

Section: Biomimetic Creatinine Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Creatinine Biosensors

2008

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To measure creatinine, electrochemical techniques have been coupled with a range of biological recognition elements in a variety of sensor configurations. (To listen to a podcast about this feature, please go to the Analytical Chemistry website at pubs.acs.org/ac.The measurement of creatinine levels in human blood or urine is clinically essential because the levels partially reflect the state of renal and muscle function. Creatinine is naturally produced by the body and is filtered from the bloodstream by the kidneys in relatively constant amounts every day. The normal physiological concentration is 40-150 µM, but it can exceed 1000 µM in certain pathological conditions. Blood levels >150 µM indicate the need to perform tests such as creatinine clearance. Values >500 µM indicate severe renal impairment, ultimately leading to dialysis or transplantation; 1 levels <40 µM indicate decreased muscle mass.The methods most often used for the clinical determination of creatinine are based on colorimetry. 2 However, the methods are affected by numerous metabolites and drugs found in biological samples, such as glucose, fructose, ketone bodies, ascorbic acid, and cephalosporins. 3,4 Introducing enzymes has increased specificity, but the methods also became complicated and less reliable. Large and expensive benchtop analyzers incorporating a number of electrochemical electrodes have been used in central clinical laboratories. Portable and handheld devices incorporating a single-use creatinine biosensor cartridge also have been used.The goal of biosensor engineering in the clinical laboratory setting is to reduce cost, time, and complexity of routine analysis of biological fluids; to enable near-patient testing of blood, urine, and saliva in medical centers; and ultimately to enable home testing by individuals. 5 This article looks at the developments in electrochemical creatinine biosensor research in terms of sensor design and analytical performance on the basis of the recognition element and the nature of transducer. Parameters and specific performance characteristics to consider include cost (<$10/ sensing strip), response time (<1.5 minutes [min]), detection limit (e10 µM), linear range (10-1000 µM), and lifetime (>1 year).

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Molecularly Imprinted Electrosynthesized Polymers: New Materials for Biomimetic Sensors

Cited by 337 publications

References 21 publications

Synthesis by precipitation polymerization of a molecularly imprinted polymer membrane for the potentiometric determination of sertraline in tablets and biological fluids

Synthesis by precipitation polymerization of a molecularly imprinted polymer membrane for the potentiometric determination of sertraline in tablets and biological fluids

Overoxidized Polypyrrole with Dopant Complementary Cavities as a New Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Matrix

Electrochemical Creatinine Biosensors

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