Molecule-based magnetic coolers

Abstract

There has been a rapid expansion in the use of molecular magnets for both low- and ultra low-temperature cooling applications in recent years, and here we review the chemical variation and magnetothermal properties of reported molecular coolers, structuring the review by structural dimensions, metal-ions involved and ligands employed. This review provides an overview of the developments in designing better low-temperature magnetic refrigerants, and includes description of new 3D-materials that, in some ways, out-perform traditional magnetic coolants. Thus, this review should serve as both a tutorial for many newcomers and a summary of progress for researchers who are active in the field.

Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetism of a Family of Heterometallic {Cu2Ln7} and {Cu4Ln12} (Ln = Gd, Tb, and Dy) Complexes: The Gd Analogues Exhibiting a Large Magnetocaloric Effect

“…Application of a magnetic field can reduce the tunneling relaxation time and indeed a non-zero out-of-phase component is observed for {Cu II 2Tb III 7} (5) under the application of a static dc field of 1500 Oe ( Figure S12). …”

“…4 Further to this, magnetic refrigeration which is based on the MCE, and measured by the change of the magnetic entropy (Sm) upon application and removal of a magnetic field, has been greatly enhanced via the use of the isotropic Gd III ion in molecular clusters or extended networks. 5 It has been demonstrated that the MCE in molecule-based magnetic compounds can show enormous Sm values, larger than those observed for conventional magnetic refrigerants for such low temperatures. 6 The molar magnetic entropy change, i.e.…”

Nona- and undecanuclear nickel phosphonate cages

“…Metal phosphonate clusters or cages are attractive owing to their aesthetical structures and potential applications in the fields of biological chemistry [1] and molecular materials science [2] such as single molecular magnets (SMMs) or low-temperature magnetic refrigerants. RPO 3 2À (R = aryl or alkyl) are good ligands to build such materials because phosphonate can bind many metal ions, compared to carboxylate, to afford various 3d [3], 3d-4f [4] and 4f [5] clusters.…”

Substituent effect of R-phthalates (R = –CH 3 , –NO 2 ) on the construction of two novel 2D Cu II coordination polymers: Syntheses, crystal structures and magnetic properties

“…Polynuclear coordination polymers are an intriguing class of magnetic materials, which have attracted intense researches in magnetostructural correlations, [1] as well as their new developments in single molecule magnet (SMM) [2], single chain magnet (SCM) [3] and molecular magnetic refrigeration [4], etc. In recent years, many polynuclear coordination polymers exhibiting impressive structures and fascinating magnetic properties have been reported.…”