Molten‐Salt Synthesis of Ba_1–xPb_xTiO₃ in the System BaTiO₃–PbCl₂

Abstract

Ba1–xPbxTiO3 powder with a fixed composition was prepared by the reaction of BaTiO3 powders with molten PbCl2at various PbCl2/BaTiO3 molar ratios at 600° and 800°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. When 0.1 μm powder was used, the reaction was finished when x= 0.9. Two phases of BaTiO3and a solid solution of Ba1–xPbxTiO3 coexisted, but the final phase gave a solid solution of Ba1–xPbxTiO3 at 800°C. When 0.5 μm powder was used, the two phases coexisted in the products at 600°C at PbCl2/BaTiO3= 1.0. A sintered compact of Ba1–xPbxTiO3 powders solid solution was prepared by hot isostatic pressing, and its dielectric constant was measured in the temperature range 20°–550°C.

Probing Structure−Parameter Correlations in the Molten Salt Synthesis of BaZrO3 Perovskite Submicrometer-Sized Particles

“…The nature of the salt medium also has an impact on the morphology of the as-prepared products; Ito et al demonstrated this assertion in the synthesis of PbTiO 3 particles wherein cubic and rectangular particles were produced in the presence of KCl and LiF, respectively. , A similar effect was observed in our own experiments, shown in Figure b−e. In the absence of salt, products aggregated as large agglomerates (Figure b).…”

“…We have recently reported on the narrow issue of controlling the percentage of cubes versus spheres in samples of BaZrO 3 generated by MSS. However, as compared with comprehensive papers dealing with shape control in liquid-phase reactions, , there are noticeably fewer analogous systematic reports associated with the broader and more generalized problem of parameter selection in the molten salt method. − We rectify this situation in this paper by isolating and analyzing the individual roles of salt medium, annealing temperatures, cooling rates, as well as precursor selection in determining overall product morphology, composition, size, and shape in a molten salt synthesis of crystalline submicrometer-sized perovskite particles.…”

Microstructure and dielectric behavior of Bi₂O₃-doped KSr₂Nb₅O₁₅ ceramics

“…[14]- [16], have been synthesized using Mss because of the method's advantages of lowering the sintering temperatures and reducing the calcining duration. In addition, Mss provides efficient control over the purity and morphology of the resulting powders.…”

Preparation and properties of PZT–PMN–PMS ceramics by molten salt synthesis

“…Several important materials like PMN, PFN, PMN -PT, PZN -BT, KSr 2 Nb 5 O 15 , Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 [4][5][6][7][8][9], etc., have been synthesized using MSS due to the advantages in lowering the calcining temperatures and reducing the calcining duration. Compared to CMO method, it offers a lower temperature in the formation of perovskite since the diffusivities of the reactants are accelerated due to small diffusion distances and higher mobility of oxides in the melt salts [10].…”