Monascus orange and red pigments production by Monascus purpureus ATCC16436 through co-solid state fermentation of corn cob and glycerol: An eco-friendly environmental low cost approach

Abstract

The present study underlines a statistically optimized, low cost, effective approach for efficient co-valorization of two non-efficiently utilized, highly accumulated, raw agro-industrial wastes: corn cob and glycerol for co-production of natural biopigments: monascus orange and red pigments by the aid of Monascus purpureus strain ATCC 16436. A three step sequential, statistical modeling approach: one variable at a time (OVAT), Plackett-Burman design (PBD), and central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize the production of monascus pigments using co-solid state fermentation of the two raw agro-industrial wastes. Corn cob among other carbon sources (e.g., rice grains, sugarcane bagasse, and potato peel) was the most appropriate substrate triggering co-production of orange and red monascus pigments; deduced from OVAT. Glycerol and inoculum size proved to impose significant consequences (P<0.05) on the production of monascus pigments as inferred from PBD. The optimal levels of inoculum size (12 x 1011 spores/mL) and glycerol (2.17 M) did achieve a maximal color value of 133.77 and 108.02 color value units/mL of orange and red pigments, respectively at 30 oC after 10 days; concluded from CCD with an agitation speed of 150 rpm. Present data would underpin the large scale production of monascus pigments using the present approach for efficient exploitation of such biopigments in food, pharmaceutical and textile industries.

Agro-Industrial Residues: Eco-Friendly and Inexpensive Substrates for Microbial Pigments Production

“…Sharma and Goshal optimized pH, temperature, and agitation conditions in the production of carotenoids by R. mucilaginosa (Sharma and Ghoshal, 2020). Embaby and co-authors used a three-step optimization, including RSM, to study the concentration of glycerol and inoculum size in the production of orange and red pigments by M. purpureus using corn cobs (Embaby et al, 2018). Aruldass and co-authors used RSM to optimize the production of yellowishorange pigments by Chryseobacterium artocarpi.…”

Production of Bio-Based Pigments from Food Processing Industry By-Products (Apple, Pomegranate, Black Carrot, Red Beet Pulps) Using Aspergillus carbonarius

“…To evaluate the effect of the initial carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio, elemental analysis of each type of pulp was performed at this stage. For further studies, pulps were dried at 60 ± 1 • C for 24 h in an oven (Figure S1), followed by particle size reduction using a kitchen blender and sieved (Tyler mesh [10][11][12] [34] to obtain particles of 1.4 mm diameter. All dried pulp particles were stored at 4 • C prior to use.…”

“…The increasing legal requirements and consumer awareness in recent years have encouraged industries to use a larger amount of natural pigments. Hence, recent studies have focused on production of cost-effective natural pigments [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], also called bio-based pigments.…”

Use of Wheat Straw for Value-Added Product Xylanase by Penicillium chrysogenum Strain A3 DSM105774

“…As a consequence, the shortages included in the OFAT approach were covered by employing the statistical sequential PBD and RSM designs. The statistical, sequential, and experimental designs are being broadly employed for the optimization of fermentation factors in the production of enzymes [ 23 , 48 ], antibiotics biodegradation [ 49 ], production of microbial pigments [ 50 ], production of extracellular pecticoligosaccharides [ 51 ], biosynthesis of chitooligosaccharides [ 52 ], biodegradation of chicken feather [ 53 ], etc. RSM covers a small number of experimental trials with a large number of factors.…”