2014
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201423935
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MOND prediction of a new giant shell in the elliptical galaxy NGC 3923

Abstract: Context. Stellar shells, which form axially symmetric systems of arcs in some elliptical galaxies, are most likely remnants of radial minor mergers. They are observed up a radius of ∼100 kpc. The stars in them oscillate in radial orbits. The radius of a shell depends on the free-fall time at the position of the shell and on the time since the merger. We previously verified the consistency of shell radii in the elliptical galaxy NGC 3923 with its most probable MOND potential. Our results implied that an as yet … Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(21 citation statements)
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References 39 publications
(64 reference statements)
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“…Methods to compute the evolution of shell radii in a given gravitational potential analytically were developed only for axially symmetric shell systems (i.e. Type I shell galaxies, Wilkinson et al 1987;Prieur 1990), see Quinn (1984); Dupraz & Combes (1986); Ebrová et al (2012); Bílek et al (2013Bílek et al ( , 2014. Type I shell systems are symmetric around the major photometric axis of the galaxy and the shells are almost circular arcs.…”
Section: Evolution Of Shell Radiimentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Methods to compute the evolution of shell radii in a given gravitational potential analytically were developed only for axially symmetric shell systems (i.e. Type I shell galaxies, Wilkinson et al 1987;Prieur 1990), see Quinn (1984); Dupraz & Combes (1986); Ebrová et al (2012); Bílek et al (2013Bílek et al ( , 2014. Type I shell systems are symmetric around the major photometric axis of the galaxy and the shells are almost circular arcs.…”
Section: Evolution Of Shell Radiimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Their unique shell kinematics allows connecting the gravitational potential of the galaxy, the merger time (i.e. the time elapsed since the galaxies merged, also referred as the 'shell-system age' in this paper), and galactocentric positions of the shell edges (Quinn 1984;Dupraz & Combes 1986;Ebrová et al 2012;Bílek et al 2013Bílek et al , 2014.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…where rs is the shell's position, vs is the shell phase velocity, and φ(r) is the gravitational potential at position r. Following Bílek et al (2014), we approximate the shell phase velocity as:…”
Section: The Age Of the Ngc 5670 Shell Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is probably the case for the rich shell systems (see Sect. 6.4 of Bílek et al 2014a) possessing more than about seven shells. We assume Θ = 1/2 hereafter.…”
Section: Formula For the Shell Expansion Velocitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Then we could determine the original direction of the arrival of the secondary. The functionality of the shell identification method (Bílek et al 2013(Bílek et al , 2014a) could also be independently tested in this way.…”
Section: Revealing the Shell Formation History From Spectramentioning
confidence: 99%