Monitoring and Preservation of the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra Caves

Abstract

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Kyiv Pechersk Lavra is a unique monastery complex included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The first mentions of the caves in the chronicles date back to the year 1051. The idea of creating a 3D model of Lavra’s caves was suggested by the Kiev Pechersk Lavra coenobites with the aim to attract public attention to the problem of preserving the Lavra Caves for future generations. It consists of an above-ground part (a complex of religious buildings) and an underground part (caves). The caves form a system of underground corridors subdivided into several parts – the Near Caves, the Far Caves, and the Varangian Caves. Today the caves are in an emergency state and need urgent restoration. Results presented in the paper comprise all steps of the 3D model of the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra caves creation. At the first step, a spatial underground geodetic network for scans georeferencing was created. Totally over 60 stations with quite short distances from 2 m up to 15 m, with many open traverses were measured. Terrestrial laser scanning for over than 450 m tunnels and entrance structures has been performed. At the last step, data processing and modelling have been done with a result in the form of plans, cross-sections and TIN model of the whole complex. The paper devoted to features of those works and prospective applications of the results.</p>

Preserving the Knowledge of the Past Through Virtual Visits: From 3D Laser Scanning to Virtual Reality Visualisation at the Istanbul Çatalca İnceğiz Caves

“…The original point cloud contains 300 million points and a data volume of almost 10 Gbyte, though filtering reduced the data to 27 million points and two Gbyte. Shults et al (2019) present the mapping of the Kyiv Perhersk Lavra cave, located under an orthodox monastery in the Ukraine. The total length of the caves is around 450 metres.…”

Development of German-Ukrainian cooperations for education and research in photogrammetry and laser scanning

“…In Kiev, this was followed by visits to KNUCA (Figure 1(b)) and the Metrobud company which, among other tasks, carried out terrestrial laser scanning projects during the construction of the Kiev Metro and for the documentation of the Kiev Cave Monastery at Lavra (UNESCO World Heritage Site, see Shults, Bilous, and Kovtun 2019). At KNUCA, too, the poor condition of the university buildings and the extremely limited technical equipment were striking.…”

Applying SLAM-Based LiDAR and UAS Technologies to Evaluate the Rock Slope Stability of the Grotta Paglicci Paleolithic Site (Italy)

“…The most commonly utilized methods of spatial data acquisition in complex and extensive caverns are referred to as LiDAR (light detection and ranging) and digital photogrammetry. The application of solely ground-based LiDAR for spatial mapping is documented in several case studies, such as in the Las Caldas and Penade Candamo caves, in Spain [1], the Dachstein cave, in Austria [2], the Wonderwerk cave, in South Africa [3], the Parpello cave, in Spain [4], the Les Fraux cave, in France [5], the Pollera cave, in Italy [6], the Jenolan and Koonalda caves, in Australia [7], the Domica cave, in Slovakia [8], the Elvandi cave, in Ecuador [9], the Perhersk Lavra cave, in Ukraine [10], and the Grotta Giusti cave, in Italy [11]. Nevertheless, a major drawback of ground-based LiDAR applications is the prolonged time required for data acquisition, as described in [12] for the İnceğiz caves in Turkey.…”