Monitoring Desertification in Some Regions of Iraq Using Gis Techniques

AL-Timimi, Yaseen K.

doi:10.36103/ijas.v52i3.1351

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Out of this 10.2% showed (medium desertification) and 22.9% (severe desertification) respectively. The noted overall rate of decrease in vegetation cover in this area was 21.33 km 2 /year, while the rate of increased land erosion in the area was 10.99% km 2 /year [55].…”

Section: Degradation Of Vegetation Cover In Iraqmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Many studies have been done using these indices to evaluate the progression of desertification in various areas of Iraq [54] [55]. One such study covered an area in the middle part of Iraq around Al-Suwaira, Al-Mahawil, Al-Musayab districts and used both of these two indices applying them to two Landsat ETM+ and OLI satellite images from the years 1990 and 2019 shown in (Figure 15) [55].…”

Section: Degradation Of Vegetation Cover In Iraqmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate Change: Droughts and Increasing Desertification in the Middle East, with Special Reference to Iraq

Adamo¹,

Al‐Ansari²,

Sissakian³

et al. 2022

ENG

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Climate change impacts on Earth's atmosphere have caused drastic changes in the environment of most regions of the world. The Middle East region ranks among the worst affected of these regions. This has taken forms of increasing atmospheric temperatures, intensive heat waves, decreased and erratic precipitation and general decline in water resources; all leading to frequent and longer droughts, desertification and giving rise to intensive and recurrent (SDS). The present conditions have led to increasing emissions of (GHG) in the earth atmosphere. All future projections especially those using (IPCC) models and emission scenarios indicate that the Middle East will undergo appreciable decrease in winter precipitation with increasing temperature until the end of this century both of which are inductive to increased dryness and desertification. Iraq as one of the countries of this region and due to its geographical location, its dependence mostly on surface water resources originating from neighboring countries, long years of neglect and bad land management put it in the most precarious and unstable position among the other countries of the region. Modelling studies have shown that Iraq is suffering now from excessive dryness and droughts, increasing loss of vegetation cover areas, increasing encroachment of sand dunes on agricultural lands, in addition to severe and frequent (SDS). These negative repercussions and their mitigations require solutions not on the local level alone but collective cooperation and work from all the countries of the region.

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Section: Degradation Of Vegetation Cover In Iraqmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Degradation Of Vegetation Cover In Iraqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change: Droughts and Increasing Desertification in the Middle East, with Special Reference to Iraq

Adamo¹,

Al‐Ansari²,

Sissakian³

et al. 2022

ENG

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“…Numerous studies have shown the importance of remote sensing, information technology, and automatic monitoring systems to sustainable watershed development [30][31][32]. These approaches have already been applied to assess drought and vegetation coverage across Iraq [33][34][35][36]. For example, [34] used the SPI and the NDVI to develop drought risk maps for Iraq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These approaches have already been applied to assess drought and vegetation coverage across Iraq [33][34][35][36]. For example, [34] used the SPI and the NDVI to develop drought risk maps for Iraq. The authors showed that approximately 24% of Iraq's territory suffers from severe or extremely severe drought risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Assessment across Erbil Using Satellite Products

et al. 2023

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In this article, meteorological and agricultural droughts across the Erbil province, Iraq, were assessed using remote sensing data and satellite products. To this end, the long-term (2000–2022) Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration index (SPEI) at 1- and 3-month accumulation periods (SPEI-1 and SPEI-3) as well as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) across Erbil were utilized. While the former was retrieved from the global SPEI data repository, the latter was derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products. The spatiotemporal variations in the SPEI indices indicated that two to nine extreme drought events occurred in the province with an increasing northward pattern. An increasing trend in the long-term NDVI series was also detected, having more diversity in vegetation coverage in the northern part of the province. The relationship between the SPEI and MODIS-NDVI was found to be positive but insignificant. Thus, we concluded that short-term meteorological droughts were not the only reason for the agricultural droughts in Erbil. Furthermore, the climate characteristics related to the cumulative water balance over a previous season is not an important trigger for the spatial variation in vegetation coverage across the province.

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“…Comprehensive research on spatial variability of soils has presented various important data and information about the main factors causing the spatial variability of soil characters [14,15,16] . The general view of now society was that any spatial variability of soils found in a given space and time was the result of soil physical, chemical, or biological processes that occurred in the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Mapping for Soil pH and Phosphate based on Kriging Interpolation

Armanto¹,

Wildayana²

2022

Advances in Biological Sciences Research

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Spatial variability can be the main cause of uneven plant growth, but this has not received much attention in the field. Spatial variability in soil chemical properties (soil pH, P) can be calculated using a geostatistics approach. The main objective of this research was to make a predictive mapping for soil pH and phosphate based on Kriging interpolation. The research resulted that the maps generated by Kriging interpolation showed similar patterns of high leaching and erosion effects in the landscape. The range of spatial variability of soils was found between 250-350 m with an average value of 300 m. Therefore, an effective survey can be carried out with a density every 120 m (rounded up to 100 m). The elevation range with an average value of 700 m can be said to be a maximum of 50% causing the increase in spatial variability of soils. This was evidenced by the high difference between the soil characters range (250-350 m) and the elevation range (700 m). The spatial variability of soil characters did not only depend on the relief form, but also on the dynamics of the groundwater interflow. A combination of soil pH, available P provided good indices for high leaching in the landscape. The high spatial variability for soil pH and available P indicated the result of the weathering process of the parent material, which was influenced by slopes, land use, intensive vertical and lateral groundwater flows. Cation leaching was the main process causing systematic spatial variability of soils in the landscape. Therefore, this leaching process has to be managed.

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Monitoring Desertification in Some Regions of Iraq Using Gis Techniques

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Climate Change: Droughts and Increasing Desertification in the Middle East, with Special Reference to Iraq

Climate Change: Droughts and Increasing Desertification in the Middle East, with Special Reference to Iraq

Drought Assessment across Erbil Using Satellite Products

Predictive Mapping for Soil pH and Phosphate based on Kriging Interpolation

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