Monitoring, Money and Migrants: Countering Post-Accession Backsliding in Bulgaria and Romania

Levitz, Philip; Pop-Eleches, Grigore

doi:10.1080/09668131003647838

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This view is not matched by international comparisons of the performance of Bulgaria and Romania on broad democracy and governance indicators with the 2004 joiners (see Levitz and Pop-Eleches, 2010), but it is a very widespread perception in the rest of the EU. This view is not matched by international comparisons of the performance of Bulgaria and Romania on broad democracy and governance indicators with the 2004 joiners (see Levitz and Pop-Eleches, 2010), but it is a very widespread perception in the rest of the EU.…”

Section: Eu Influence Dwindles On Politically Hot Topics Once the Accmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…On Bulgaria and Romania, the phrase most often heard in Brussels and national capitals is: 'They came in too early, before they were ready.' This view is not matched by international comparisons of the performance of Bulgaria and Romania on broad democracy and governance indicators with the 2004 joiners (see Levitz and Pop-Eleches, 2010), but it is a very widespread perception in the rest of the EU.…”

Section: Eu Influence Dwindles On Politically Hot Topics Once the Accmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Six Lessons of Enlargement Ten Years On: The EU's Transformative Power in Retrospect and Prospect

Grabbe

2014

J of Common Market Studies

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Section: Eu Influence Dwindles On Politically Hot Topics Once the Accmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Eu Influence Dwindles On Politically Hot Topics Once the Accmentioning

confidence: 93%

Six Lessons of Enlargement Ten Years On: The EU's Transformative Power in Retrospect and Prospect

Grabbe

2014

J of Common Market Studies

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“…Bulgaria and Romania share a number of background conditions related to political and economic transition and EU accession. Bojkov (, p. 510) treats them as ‘a micro‐region of their own’, as do a number of other authors linking this to EU accession timing (Noutcheva and Bechev ; Levitz and Pop‐Eleches ). These background dimensions also include specific historic, cultural and technical legacies related to their energy sectors, including the transition from central planning to market economies in the early 1990s (Ahrens and Jünemann ), high fossil fuel dependency (Eurostat ), high levels of political capture by incumbent institutions (Hiteva and Maltby ), lack of investment in their electricity grids (Hiteva , ), and high levels of inward foreign direct investment (Kalotay ).…”

Section: Case Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two steps forward, one step back: Renewable energy transitions in Bulgaria and Romania

Davidescu

Hiteva

Maltby

2018

Public Administration

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This article examines renewable energy policy in Bulgaria and Romania (2007–17) and the reasons behind the unexpected rapid growth in renewables followed by a policy reversal. While we find strong formal compliance with EU legislation regarding targets for renewable energy, an examination of institutional change and policy dismantling in both countries finds that this was not supported by a paradigmatic policy change or a transformation of the energy system. Veto players worked to dismantle renewable energy policy once targets were reached. We use insights from the intersection of socio‐technical systems and historical institutionalist literatures to explain policy dismantling in the energy sector. In doing so, we develop a socio‐technical account of renewable policy in Romania and Bulgaria. We show that this is related to the historically conditioned, path‐dependent processes of institutional change, where energy materiality shapes the parameters of political possibility and the costs of policy implementation.

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“…However, there is no systematic evidence that Romania or Bulgaria (i.e., the EU2 countries) have been backsliding or that their trajectories differ significantly from the EU8 countries (Levitz and Pop-Eleches, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Romanian Migrants During Transition and Enlargements

Andrén

Roman

2016

Labor Migration, EU Enlargement, and the Great Recession

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The change in Romanian political regime in 1989 has lifted the barriers for population circulation and mobility that were further more amplified in 2002 by the liberalization of Romanians' circulation in the Schengen space. In such context, the aim of this paper is to analyze to what extent Romania's accession to the EU in 2007 has added new features to the Romanian migration phenomenon. Therefore, the paper describes characteristics of Romanian labor migration and its labor market outcomes in the context of the EU second enlargement, covering the recent trends and characteristics, as well as the effects on the receiving and origin countries. The restructuring process that accompanied a painful economic transition created severe disequilibria on the labor market, generating a crisis that remains ongoing. From this perspective, migration was and still is the population's response to this crisis and at the same time reduces the unemployment pressure on the Romanian government. Furthermore, in the new context of financial European crisis, the migration outflows didn't reverse and most migrants prefer to develop adjustment strategies in their destination countries. Romania's accession to the EU in 2007 did not generally change the previous characteristics of Romanian migration. However, one of the key features of Romanian migration would be the new wave of the labor mobility of professionals with impacts upon Romanian economy and society. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E S JEL Classification:F22, F24, J15

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Monitoring, Money and Migrants: Countering Post-Accession Backsliding in Bulgaria and Romania

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Six Lessons of Enlargement Ten Years On: The EU's Transformative Power in Retrospect and Prospect

Six Lessons of Enlargement Ten Years On: The EU's Transformative Power in Retrospect and Prospect

Two steps forward, one step back: Renewable energy transitions in Bulgaria and Romania

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Romanian Migrants During Transition and Enlargements

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