Monitoring of acutely III patients during nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: Use of a Time‐varying filter electrocardiographic gating device to reduce gradient artifacts

SummaryAnaesthetists are increasingly involved in patient care during magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. This paper describes a system which has been developed for the management of critically ill patients and the conduct of anaesthesia in a magnetic resonance unit with a 1.6 tesla whole body magnet. Dificulties which arise from working in a confined space in a high magnetic field are highlighted. Different approaches to anaesthesia, sedation and the modijication of equipment for use in [his environment ure reviewed. The problems associated with patient monitoring within a magnetic field are discussed and some solutions are suggested. A transport system for critically ill patients is described and a protocol for management is outlined.

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“…pulse oximeters: see below). The use of fibreoptic [40] and telemetry systems [41] avoids the hazards of trailing cables.…”

Section: Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance for the anaesthetist

et al. 1992

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“…Additionally, if the experiments are performed in clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems, the physiological monitoring units are optimized for humans and are thus not suitable for small animals, which have higher breathing and heart frequencies. Furthermore, the voltages induced in the ECG units by switching gradients (2,3) and the magnetohydrodynamic effect (4-6) make the measurement of an ECG signal difficult. To avoid these problems, physiological gating information can be extracted from the variations in the magnetic resonance (MR) signal itself (7,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically detunable, inductively coupled coil for self‐gating in small animal magnetic resonance imaging

Korn

Umathum

Schulz

et al. 2010

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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An inductively coupled coil concept is presented, which improves the compensation of physiological motion by the self-gating (SG) technique. The animal is positioned in a conventional volume coil encompassing the whole animal. A small, resonant surface coil (SG-coil) is placed on the thorax so that its sensitive region includes the heart. Via inductive coupling the SG-coil amplifies selectively the MR signal of the beating heart. With an optical detuning mechanism, this coupling can be switched off during acquisition of the MR image information, whereas it is active during SG data sampling to provide the physiological information. In vivo experiments on a mouse show an amplification of the SG signal by at least 40%. Magn Reson Med 65:882-888,

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“…Accurate and reproducible assessment of global left ventricular (LV) function is essential for clinical diagnosis, risk identification, estimation of prognosis, and treatment of cardiovascular disease (1,2). Electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated multiple breath-hold (MBH) cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been regarded as the standard of reference for precise evaluation of LV function due to its high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), high contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and excellent temporal resolution (3,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SSFP yields excellent endocardial contour contrast. It facilitates accurate and automated segmentation of endocardial and epicardial contours to analyze ventricular function (1,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%