Monitoring of Floristic Composition and Species Diversity an Initial Step Towards the Restoration of Mangrove Forest in Teluk Adang Nature Reserve, Indonesia

Abstract

Mangrove is known as a unique and complex ecosystem, located in the intertidal zone vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures. In this study, we analyzed the floristic composition and relationship between species density and soil properties of mangrove forests in Teluk Adang Nature Reserve (TANR), East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data were collected by establishing 6 transects placed perpendicular to the sea. The results showed that there were 14 species of mangroves in TANR. The current remaining stand has not been disturbed by human intervention. Rhizophora apiculata dominated all growth strata (seedlings, saplings, and trees) with the Important Value Index (IVI) of 98.22%; 127.73%, 144.03%, respectively. Ecologically, the density and distribution of Rhizophora apiculata correlated with soil texture conditions such as silt and clay. The tree density of mangroves in TANR was classified as low with an average of 606.67±147.230 ind ha-1. The average values of diameter, height, and basal area were 18.16±2.119 cm; 12.24±2.667 m; 42.56±2.255 m ha-1 , respectively. The Margalef species richness index and Shannon Wienner diversity index in TANR were in the low-to-moderate category. To improve the condition of the disturbed mangrove forests, it should be immediately restored by considering the result of the analysis of the current composition and structure of mangrove vegetation.

Floristic composition and stand structure of mangrove forests with varying vegetation conditions in Sungai Apit, Siak, Riau, Indonesia

“…The dominant mangrove species in the degraded forests were R. apiculata in Rawa Mekar Jaya, and S. alba in Sungai Rawa and Mengkapan. R. apiculata also dominated mangrove forest in other regions, for example, Dumai Coastal Area, Riau (Mulyadi and Amin 2016), Sibuti mangrove forest, Sarawak, Malaysia (Shah et al 2016), and Teluk Adang Nature Reserve (TANR) East Kalimantan, Indonesia (Mukhlisi et al 2020).…”

Floral composition and carbon stock estimation of monospecies restoration area in Pasar Rawa, North Sumatra

“…Regarding target species, some promote utilizing a single species to achieve rapid mangrove restoration and development results and restore some ecosystem structure and function [11]. The success of monospecies restoration activities and creating mangrove succession was also stated by [12]- [14], but more information on R. apiculata needs to be. As known, Rhizopora is the most common species utilized for mangrove rehabilitation programs, particularly in Indonesia.…”

“…The success of the restoration program can be identified using floristic diversity in the restoration area [16]. Monitoring floristic diversity can be used as the initial step for determining the success of restoration programs [17]. The vegetation composition in the restoration area may indicate the potential stored carbon at that location.…”