Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Capillary Gas Chromatography

Djozan, Dj.; Assadi, Y.

doi:10.1006/mchj.1999.1791

Cited by 65 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The percent of recoveries varied between 88 to 103%. The characteristics performance of this method was compared with other methods in Table 7, which indicated that the detection limits and the linear ranges found in the present work are comparable with the ones found by other researchers who used the SPME [30,31] or SHS [32,33] for analysis.…”

Section: Real Samples Analysissupporting

confidence: 86%

Chemometrics Optimization of Volatile Organic Compounds Analysis in Water by Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Fatemi

Kouchakpour²,

Malekzadeh³

2013

Hydrol Current Res

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Static headspace coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to extraction and analysis of volatile organic compounds in water samples. The effects of various factors affecting on the extraction efficiency including: the extraction temperature, extraction time, salt concentration and stirring speed were carried out by means of a 2 4 full factorial design. It was found that the effects of extraction temperature and salt concentration were significant. Then, a central composite design was performed to optimize the level of these factors. The optimal headspace conditions were achieved when the vials were heated under 88°C and 29% w/w addition of salt. At optimum operating conditions, analytical figures of merit of method such as linearity (0.9962-0.9996), repeatability (1.2-12.13%), detection limits (0.1-4.9 μg.L −1 ) and linearity dynamic range (10-1000 μg.L −1 ) were determined. The proposed methods can be used to direct investigation of the presence of Volatile organic compounds in environmental samples without pre-treatment of samples. Finally the optimized method was used to investigate the existence of volatile organic compounds in Babolroud River in the north of Iran.

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Section: Real Samples Analysissupporting

confidence: 86%

Chemometrics Optimization of Volatile Organic Compounds Analysis in Water by Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Fatemi

Kouchakpour²,

Malekzadeh³

2013

Hydrol Current Res

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“…PAHs levels of Cheng-Ching Lake are normal and acceptable in this paper. However, because this level of lake water exceeds the EU drinking standard, 3,4 it is necessary to further monitor the PAH concentrations of tap water through purity treatment in order to insure the health of residents.…”

Section: Pah Concentration In Urban Raw Drinking Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water by Solid-Phase Microextraction and Liquid Chromatography

Chen

2004

ANAL. SCI.

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“…In recent years, aside from the commercially available SPME fibers, a number of novel coatings have been prepared and used for extraction of analytes from different matrices. These include silica-bonded stationary phases [6], solid sorbents such as graphite [7], pencil lead [8], activated charcoal [9], Correspondence: Professor Zhaorui Zeng, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China. Fax: +86-27-6875-4067.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High extraction efficiency fiber coated with calix[4] open‐chain crown ether for solid‐phase microextraction of polar aromatic and aliphatic compounds

Liu

Zeng²,

Lei

et al. 2005

J of Separation Science

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The calix[4] open-chain crown ether, 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,27-di(2-allyloxyethoxyl)-26,28-dihydroxycalix[4]arene was synthesized and used for preparation of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers of enhanced extraction efficiency. The new SPME coating made from calix[4] open-chain crown ether and hydroxyl-terminated silicone oil was developed with the aid of vinyltriethoxylsilane as bridge using sol-gel method and cross-linking technology. The efficiency of the novel fiber in the extraction of polar aromatic and aliphatic compounds, such as phenols, alcohols, and volatile fatty acids, was also investigated. Due to the introduction of the polar open-chain crown ether in calix[4]arene molecules, the calix[4] open-chain crown ether fiber showed much better selectivity and sensitivity to these polar compounds in comparison with calix[4]arene fiber. It also had superior extraction efficiency when compared to commercial poly(dimethylsiloxane)-divinylbenzene and polyacrylate fibers. Parts per billion to parts per trillion level detection limits were achieved for most of the analytes through SPME in conjunction with GC and flame ionization detector. The linear ranges were two to four orders of magnitude, and the RSD values were below 7% for all analytes. The novel fiber was applied to determine volatile alcohols and fatty acids in wine samples. The volatile-free wine prepared in this work was used to assure similar chemical environment for analytes in both calibration solutions and in real wine samples, thus compensating for possible matrix interferences. The established internal standard method using 4-methyl-2-pentanol as internal standard showed satisfactory accuracy and precision.

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Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Capillary Gas Chromatography

Cited by 65 publications

References 34 publications

Chemometrics Optimization of Volatile Organic Compounds Analysis in Water by Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Chemometrics Optimization of Volatile Organic Compounds Analysis in Water by Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water by Solid-Phase Microextraction and Liquid Chromatography

High extraction efficiency fiber coated with calix[4] open‐chain crown ether for solid‐phase microextraction of polar aromatic and aliphatic compounds

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