Monitoring of Sulfate Attack in Concrete by Al27 and Si29 MAS NMR Spectroscopy

Peyvandi, Amirpasha; Holmes, Daniel; Soroushian, Parviz; Balachandra, Anagi M.

doi:10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0001175

Cited by 37 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A band at 3640 cm -1 , corresponding to O-H stretching vibrations in calcium hydroxide was not present in both samples exposed to sulfate solutions. The intensity of a broad shoulder near 1105 cm -1 , corresponding to asymmetric stretching vibrations of SO4 2in ettringite, became higher for samples stored in sulfate solutions [82,83]. Presence of gypsum was detected in MgSO4 sample, (shoulder at 1130 cm -1 , weak peak at 1620 cm -1 due to in plane bending vibrations of O-H•••O group, and weak peak at 3405 cm -1 due to stretching vibrations of O-H [84,85].…”

Section: Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate and acid resistance of lithomarge-based geopolymer mortars

Kwasny

Aiken

Soutsos

et al. 2018

Construction and Building Materials

107

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2018). Sulfate and acid resistance of lithomarge-based geopolymer mortars. Construction and Building Materials, 166,[537][538][539][540][541][542][543][544][545][546][547][548][549][550][551][552][553] ABSTRACTThe resistance of room temperature cured geopolymer mortars (GPM) against chemical attacks, i.e. sodium and magnesium sulfate solutions, and sulfuric and hydrochloric acid solutions, was evaluated. GPMs were formulated using a lithomarge precursor (low-purity kaolin) to achieve 28-day characteristic compressive strengths of 37.5 and 60 MPa. Their performance was compared with those of equivalent Portland cement mortars (PCMs) having the same paste volume and strength grade. GPMs with both strength grades showed superior performance against sulfate attack when compared to PCMs. No visual deterioration was observed in GPMs, the mass and length changes were relatively small, and no changes to the microstructure were detected -in contrast to severely deteriorated PCMs.As confirmed by visual observations and lower mass loss, GPMs showed better resistance to attack by both acids than PCMs. GPMs provided a better quality (lower permeability) of an acid-degraded layer, lowering the degree of further deterioration. The main mechanisms of the matrix deterioration of GPMs in both acids was dealumination of the hardened binder, with a higher degree of changes detected for sulfuric acid.

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Section: Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate and acid resistance of lithomarge-based geopolymer mortars

Kwasny

Aiken

Soutsos

et al. 2018

Construction and Building Materials

107

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“…The majority of studies about sulfate attack are based on tests in the laboratory [e.g. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Testing the sulfate resistance of cement paste, mortar and concrete usually involves the immersion of specimens in sulfate solution allowing its ingress by diffusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, such a test has to be used to control concrete production. As external sulfate attack is a common phenomenon in Alpine tunnels [11,[13][14][15][16], the need for a test method meeting these needs was obvious. In connection with the two Alptransit tunnel projects in Switzerland an accelerated test using four drying-immersion cycles (2 days drying, 5 days immersion) to accelerate sulfate ingress was developed [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An accelerated sulfate resistance test for concrete

Loser

Leemann

2015

Mater Struct

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The sulfate resistance of concrete was tested using drying-immersion cycles of varying duration in different sulfate solutions. The measured expansion in the different protocols showed a correlation to the sulfate profiles in the test specimens determined by EDX. Based on the magnitude of expansion and the test duration, a suitable protocol for testing job-site concrete was identified. A matrix of 20 concrete mixtures was tested with this protocol. The test permitted to distinguish the effect of cement type, w/c and paste volume on expansion. Measurements of the dynamic E-modulus made it possible to link expansion and mechanical damage and to define a limit value for expansion. As this test appears to be suitable to determine the potential of concrete for expansion induced by ettringite formation due to sulfate ingress, it was introduced into the Swiss norms.

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“…The cumulative pore volume of the cement paste samples was analyzed using the Au-toPore IV 9500 version 2.01 instrument (Micromeritics Instruments) via the MIP technique. Prior to the MIP test, the samples, which lay within the 6-10 mm range, were immersed in acetone and subjected to a vacuum desiccator for 48 h to terminate the hydration process [42,43]. The MIP test was conducted on the samples subsequent to their removal from the desiccator.…”

Section: Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (Mip) Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Curing Regime on the Mechanical Properties and Durability of Steam Cured-Concrete

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2023

Buildings

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The application of pre-cast components in building structures has become increasingly widespread, with projects often utilizing steam curing methods. The utilization of pre-fabricated concrete has demonstrated the capacity to enhance construction efficiency. However, strength and durability issues arising from steam curing of concrete have become prominent considering the quality of concrete construction. The use of fly ash and slag in steam-cured concrete to improve its performance has gained extensive popularity. While research into single-blended mineral admixtures has been conducted with notable achievements, the study of steam-cured concrete with binary blended mineral admixtures remains relatively limited. This paper focuses on the mechanical properties and durability of steam-cured concrete with mineral admixtures (fly ash and slag), exploring the influence of mineral admixture ratios and steam-curing regimes on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. The properties of the steam-cured concrete were further analyzed through compressive strength tests, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and thermogravimetric analyses. It was found that when fly ash and slag were added in equal proportions, the compressive strength and microstructure of the concrete were optimized. In addition, the optimized static resting time and constant temperature time should be controlled as 3 h and 6 h, respectively, to improve the compressive strength and microstructure of the steam-cured concrete.

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Monitoring of Sulfate Attack in Concrete by Al27 and Si29 MAS NMR Spectroscopy

Cited by 37 publications

References 49 publications

Sulfate and acid resistance of lithomarge-based geopolymer mortars

Sulfate and acid resistance of lithomarge-based geopolymer mortars

An accelerated sulfate resistance test for concrete

Effect of Curing Regime on the Mechanical Properties and Durability of Steam Cured-Concrete

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