Monoamine systems and memory formation

Stephenson, R. M.

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198521846.003.0017

Cited by 6 publications

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“…Besides the dopaminergic innervation of the LPO, there is also a strong noradrenergic innervation of the cortical regions of the chick forebrain, including the hyperstriatum ventrale (Wynne and Gü ntü rkü n, 1995), and this projection has been implicated in certain forms of learning Davies and Payne, 1989;Stephenson, 1991). There is a large number of strongly labeled NOS neurons in the LoC region of the adult chick and quail (Brü ning, 1993; and the hatchling chick (present study), and this population composes a major component of the LoC complex (Schober et al, 1994).…”

Section: Potential Sites Of No Effects In the Brainstem: Noradrenergimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NOS is moderately expressed in the adult LPO and AVT/TPc and is extensively expressed in and around the adult avian locus coeruleus complex (Brü ning, 1993;. Because catecholaminergic input from the brainstem is known to affect learning and memory in birds Stephenson, 1991), these downstream centers are potential candidates for NO-mediated effects on learning (Panzica and Garzino, 1994;Panzica et al, 1996), possibly via the modulation of the release of catecholamines (Zhu and Luo, 1992;Lonart et al, 1993;Lin et al, 1995).…”

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Nitric oxide synthase in learning‐relevant nuclei of the chick brain: Morphology, distribution, and relation to transmitter phenotypes

Bartheld

Schober

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in learning in the hatchling chicken. To examine morphological and neurochemical properties of neurons that contain NO synthase (NOS) in brain regions known to be involved in learning and memory, the NADPH-diaphorase technique was used in conjunction with immunocytochemistry and tract tracing. A distinct cell type was NOS-labeled in the lobus parolfactorius (LPO) in the telencephalon, and neurons were labeled in the area ventralis of Tsai (AVT), the substantia nigra (nucleus tegmenti pedunculo-pontinus, pars compacta, TPc), and the locus coeruleus in the brainstem. Thus, NO may influence processes of learning and memory in the forebrain after release from intrinsic neurons and/or from extrinsic NOS-projections originating from the brainstem. DiI-tracing revealed that most of the NOS-positive neurons in the AVT/TPc project to the basal forebrain. The majority of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (presumptive dopaminergic) neurons in the AVT and TPc expressed NOS. Double-labeling with antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase, choline acetyltransferase, somatostatin, and the neurotrophin receptor as a marker for noradrenergic coeruleus neurons showed that NOS was not colocalized with noradrenergic or somatostatinergic neurons, and that less than a third of the cholinergic neurons were double-labeled for NOS. Injections of 6-hydroxydopamine into the brainstem did not reduce the density of NOS-labeled fibers in the LPO, indicating that most of the NO in the LPO originates from intrinsic neurons in the basal forebrain. Thus, NOS-containing presumptive local circuit neurons in the LPO are the most likely source of NO involved in learning of passive avoidance tasks in hatchling chicks.

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Section: Potential Sites Of No Effects In the Brainstem: Noradrenergimentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide synthase in learning‐relevant nuclei of the chick brain: Morphology, distribution, and relation to transmitter phenotypes

Bartheld

Schober

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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Nitric oxide synthase in learning-relevant nuclei of the chick brain: Morphology, distribution, and relation to transmitter phenotypes

Bartheld

Schober

1997

J. Comp. Neurol.

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Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in learning in the hatchling chicken. To examine morphological and neurochemical properties of neurons that contain NO synthase (NOS) in brain regions known to be involved in learning and memory, the NADPH‐diaphorase technique was used in conjunction with immunocytochemistry and tract tracing. A distinct cell type was NOS‐labeled in the lobus parolfactorius (LPO) in the telencephalon, and neurons were labeled in the area ventralis of Tsai (AVT), the substantia nigra (nucleus tegmenti pedunculo‐pontinus, pars compacta, TPc), and the locus coeruleus in the brainstem. Thus, NO may influence processes of learning and memory in the forebrain after release from intrinsic neurons and/or from extrinsic NOS‐projections originating from the brainstem. DiI‐tracing revealed that most of the NOS‐positive neurons in the AVT/TPc project to the basal forebrain. The majority of tyrosine hydroxylase‐positive (presumptive dopaminergic) neurons in the AVT and TPc expressed NOS. Double‐labeling with antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase, choline acetyltransferase, somatostatin, and the neurotrophin receptor as a marker for noradrenergic coeruleus neurons showed that NOS was not colocalized with noradrenergic or somatostatinergic neurons, and that less than a third of the cholinergic neurons were double‐labeled for NOS. Injections of 6‐hydroxydopamine into the brainstem did not reduce the density of NOS‐labeled fibers in the LPO, indicating that most of the NO in the LPO originates from intrinsic neurons in the basal forebrain. Thus, NOS‐containing presumptive local circuit neurons in the LPO are the most likely source of NO involved in learning of passive avoidance tasks in hatchling chicks. J. Comp. Neurol. 383:135–152, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss Inc.

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The effects of 5-HT receptor blockade on memory formation in the chick: Possible interactions between β-adrenergic, and serotonergic systems

Stephenson

Andrew

1994

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Monoamine systems and memory formation

Cited by 6 publications

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Nitric oxide synthase in learning‐relevant nuclei of the chick brain: Morphology, distribution, and relation to transmitter phenotypes

Nitric oxide synthase in learning‐relevant nuclei of the chick brain: Morphology, distribution, and relation to transmitter phenotypes

Nitric oxide synthase in learning-relevant nuclei of the chick brain: Morphology, distribution, and relation to transmitter phenotypes

The effects of 5-HT receptor blockade on memory formation in the chick: Possible interactions between β-adrenergic, and serotonergic systems

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