Monochromatic energy-subtraction radiography using a rotating anode source and a bent Laue monochromator

Zhong, Z.; Chapman, Dean; Menk, R.H.; Richardson, John M.; Theophanis, Stephen; Thomlinson, W.

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/42/9/007

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, methods to produce monochromatic x-ray beams, besides synchrotron radiation, are limited. 13,14 Curved crystal monochromators first were developed by Johann 15 for focusing spectrometers. Witz 16 reviewed the use of focusing monochromators along with x-ray tubes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Recently, a bent Laue monochromator produced monochromatic planar diverging-beams with a conventional x-ray tube. 10,14 This article presents the design, implementation and results of using a bent-crystal monochromator in conjunction with a rotating-anode x-ray tube to produce a narrow-energywidth parallel beam. Although the parallel ͑i.e., nondiverg-ing͒ feature of the beam tripled its intensity because of its focusing effect, it introduced a slight coupling between the beam height and the beam energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Producing parallel x rays with a bent‐crystal monochromator and an x‐ray tube

et al. 2001

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A bent Laue monochromator and a conventional x-ray tube were used to produce a fan beam that was parallel in the plane perpendicular to the plane of the fan. The x-ray fan beam was tunable in energy and had about 12% energy bandwidth at a slice height of 5 mm when tuned to 50 keV. The beam's energy was slightly coupled to the vertical position on the beam's height. The slice height could be varied from 1 to 10 mm. The flux at 50 keV was approximately 2x10(6) photons/mm2/s with a rotating anode tungsten x-ray tube operating at 120 kVp and 100 mA. The narrow energy bandwidth of the beam produced is advantageous over a conventional divergent polychromatic beam for all radiography applications, while the parallelism of the beam enhances its intensity by about threefold and offers some advantages for computed tomography.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Producing parallel x rays with a bent‐crystal monochromator and an x‐ray tube

et al. 2001

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“…Although the feasibility of energy subtracted monochromatic imaging with a rotating anode X-ray source has been demonstrated, 24 the use of a synchrotron source seems necessary in order to provide sufficient flux, and therefore shorter integration time, compatible with in vivo imaging. The advent of compact, room-size synchrotron sources may provide incentive for further development of low-dose KES imaging, the optimization of X-ray dose and the study of the feasibility of KES for human functional imaging.…”

Section: Frontiers In Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Functional Imaging and Kinetic Studies With High‐z Contrast Agents Using Synchrotron Radiation Computed Tomography

Adam

Bayat

Porra

et al. 2009

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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1. There is an increasing demand in diagnostic radiology for extracting additional morphological and functional quantitative parameters from three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) images. Synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT) is the state-of-the-art method in preclinical X-ray CT, because its performance is close to the theoretical limits in terms of accuracy and precision. 2. The SRCT method with monochromatic X-ray beams yields absolute high-Z element contrast agent concentrations, without errors arising from beam hardening or scatter artefacts, by using digital subtraction techniques of the sinograms. Each pixel of the reconstructed difference images provides a quantitative concentration versus time curve of inhaled or injected high-Z contrast agents (xenon or iodine) with a high sensitivity. This is the key point of two functional imaging techniques that were developed at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility: brain perfusion and lung function (ventilation and perfusion). 3. These two imaging techniques provide parametric images expressed in absolute perfusion parameters (blood volume, blood flow, mean transit time and capillary permeability) or ventilation parameters (lung volume, regional lung ventilation, bronchial lumen size, regional airway and lung compliance) with a high accuracy and precision. 4. The aim of the present brief review is to give a snapshot of the status and perspectives of these two imaging techniques, with emphasis on the performances and interests for functional imaging. Two separate sections will then describe the results obtained so far using SRCT as an in vivo functional imaging tool for measuring changes in haemodynamics and ventilation, in the investigation of experimental pathophysiology and in the effects of therapeutic intervention.

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“…The crystals bent using this technique have been used in applications where large acceptance of the divergent x rays from a small source is needed. 5,6 The advantage of a log spiral over the Johansson geometry is that diffracting planes make a constant angle to the crystal surface, and thus fabrication is much easier than for Johansson geometry. A disadvantage has been that for each different Bragg angle ͑different energy͒ a different log spiral is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method of bending crystals to log spiral shape

Khelashvili

Ivanov

Morrison

et al. 2002

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Crystals bent to logarithmic spirals have been used in applications where large acceptance of divergent x rays from a small source is needed. Small acceptances can be easily handled with cylindrically bent crystal. In cases where larger acceptances are needed differential bending may be adequate. However, the largest acceptance is obtained from a flat crystal plate when bent into the logarithmic spiral shape that allows the crystal to present the same angle of incidence to the beam emanating from a point source. The bending of such crystals generally can be accomplished by forcing the crystal into the required shape with a metal frame. A preliminary theoretical study of crystal shapes that when bent will naturally form logarithmic spiral shapes has been done. This study was done for the case of a cantilever beam with fixed end and a normal force applied to a point at the other end. A fixed thickness-variable width beam was considered. The crystal profile in width (direction perpendicular to the diffraction plane) can be spatially varied to achieve this spiral shape. Equations for both cases will be given.

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Monochromatic energy-subtraction radiography using a rotating anode source and a bent Laue monochromator

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Producing parallel x rays with a bent‐crystal monochromator and an x‐ray tube

Producing parallel x rays with a bent‐crystal monochromator and an x‐ray tube

Quantitative Functional Imaging and Kinetic Studies With High‐z Contrast Agents Using Synchrotron Radiation Computed Tomography

A novel method of bending crystals to log spiral shape

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