Monochromatized Ag Lα X‐rays as a source for higher energy XPS

Abstract

Monochromatization of AgLa X-rays is achieved by fitting an Ag anode to a conventional A l K a monochromator. Many new XPS lines are generated by this high energy source including the 1s and KLL Auger series from AI to CI. Chemical state determination by means of the Auger parameter for these elements is greatly assisted by the reduced X-ray linewidth after monochromatization. Three glass fibre samples with different surface pre-treatments were studied to show that chemical state information could be extracted from even these complex, rough and insulating surfaces by using this novel X-ray source.

Intensity calibration and sensitivity factors for XPS instruments with monochromatic Ag Lα and Al Kα sources

“…The use of monochromated Ag Lα X‐ray sources for photoemission spectroscopy was first described by Yates and West in 1983, followed by Edgell et al in 1985 . This type of X‐ray source has found application in the measurement of Auger parameters and, in combination with more traditional X‐ray sources, in revealing the details of particular material systems .…”

High Functionalization of Magnesium Alloy Surface by Superhydrophobic Treatment

“…This indicates that the crystal growth of the Mg 1-x Al x (OH) 2 (NO 3 ) x ·nH 2 O in the [003] plane occurs within 3 h of initiating the hydrothermal treatment at 150 °C. The XRD pattern of the vertically aligned nanosheets on the AZ31 substrate is distinctly different from that of the randomly oriented HT microcrystalline powder due to the observation of several rational orders of (00l) reflections (Yates & West, 1983). Such an arrangement of the hexagonal nanosheets with the c-axis parallel to and the ab-face perpendicular to the geometrically untreated substrate has not been observed in HT films thus far.…”

“…Another sharp peak at around 1384.6 cm -1 is attributable to the ν 3 vibrational mode of NO 3 -in the interlayer with D 3h symmetry (Yates & West, 1983). A weak shoulder band at around 830 cm -1 appears due to the ν 2 vibrational mode of the same anion (Chisem & Jones, 1994;Qian & Zeng, 1997;Xu & Zeng, 1999).…”

“…The XPS spectra of the sample treated at 150 °C revealed that the Mg 1s peak arising from the formed nanosheets can be separated into two peaks. The two peaks centred at 1302.7 and 1303.8 eV are assigned to Mg(OH) 2 and metal Mg, respectively (Haycock et al, 1978;Yates & West, 1983). Trace amount of aluminium with a concentration of less than 5 at% was detected in the nanosheets at the vicinity of the surface.…”

Stabilization of Li-Rich Disordered Rocksalt Oxyfluoride Cathodes by Particle Surface Modification

“…A smaller peak (1560 eV) for the 3% treatment can be assigned to an aluminum metal, which for the 2% treatment can be observed as a small shoulder to the main peak. 51 This likely corresponds to some exposed aluminum metal from the current collector, perhaps due to incomplete coverage by the slurry or some pinholes forming during the electrode-drying process. Nevertheless, a comparison of surface and bulk measurements confirms the successful particle surface modification, as expected.…”