Monoclonal antibodies recognize 2300 years aged alkaline phosphatase

Etspüler, Hedwig; Kaup, Yoka; Em, Bailyes; Jp, Luzio; Weser, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/0165-2478(95)02467-0

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This study confirmed that albumin is a better target molecule for protein detection in skeletal remains . Monoclonal antibodies against human alkaline phosphatase were successfully used during the study of ancient Egyptian bones from the ptolemeic period (305–30 BC) . ELISA was also used to study the immunoreactivity of alkaline phosphatase (polyclonal antibodies were used) in ancient bone samples from 429–664 AD and XIIIth–XVIth centuries; this information was coupled with further investigations on the binding activities of alkaline phosphatases.…”

Section: Protein Identification Based On Immunological Methods: Appli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…399 Monoclonal antibodies against human alkaline phosphatase were successfully used during the study of ancient Egyptian bones from the ptolemeic period (305−30 BC). 400 ELISA was also used to study the immunoreactivity of alkaline phosphatase (polyclonal antibodies were used) in ancient bone samples from 429−664 AD and XIIIth−XVIth centuries; 401 this information was coupled with further investigations on the binding activities of alkaline phosphatases. Among other target proteins studied is described dermatopontin, a mollusk shell matrix protein, detected in 1500 year old fossils of the extinct land snail Mandarina luhuana by significant immunological reactivity with antiserum raised against a type-1 dermatopontin fragment (partial amino acid sequence near the C-terminus) of the living land snail Euhadra brandtii.…”

Section: Enzyme Immunoassay and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Tec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteins in Art, Archaeology, and Paleontology: From Detection to Identification

Garnier²,

et al. 2015

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Section: Protein Identification Based On Immunological Methods: Appli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzyme Immunoassay and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Tec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteins in Art, Archaeology, and Paleontology: From Detection to Identification

Garnier²,

et al. 2015

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“…Binding of the ancient protein to the monoclonal antihuman bone alkaline phosphatase antibody (BAP A) was examined in an enzyme-antigen immunoassay based on the activity of the bound enzyme (13). Wells of a microtiter plate were coated with goat antimouse IgG, and the specific BAP A was bound to the IgG, incubated, and washed with buffer.…”

Section: Immunoassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Reviewed: Embalming In The Old Kingdom Of Pharaonic Egypt

Weser¹,

Kaup²,

Etspüler³

et al. 1998

Anal. Chem.

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here is controversy as to whether embalming was performed in the course of mummification of the deceased in the Old Kingdom of Pharaonic Egypt (2660-2180 B.C.). Our knowledge of conservation techniques used in the Old Kingdom is limited. In general, mummification was accomplished after dehydrating the body. To improve this mummification process, embalming was progressively used from the time of the Middle Kingdom onward.In an earlier study from the Tubingen laboratory, mummified alkaline phosphatase was successfully isolated from bone samples obtained from a Ptolemaic mummy (1). This mummy had been richly pretreated with phenolic and fungicidal compounds, which suppressed secondary microbial growth. We were very interested in ascertaining the limitations of preserving this zinc-magnesium enzyme in mummified Egyptian bone samples dating back to the Old Kingdom when no conservation, according to general knowledge, was assumed to have been done. Thus, we performed a study on the wellcharacterized, mummified skeleton of IDU II, secretary general of the pine wood trade office. This high-ranking official lived some 2200 years B.C. and was buried in a solid wood coffin. He was identified by the inscriptions on the outside of his thick, boarded coffin. The tomb of IDU II was unearthed in 1914 at Giza, and its contents were brought to the Pelizaeus Museum (Hildesheim, Germany) (http://mfah.org/ splendor/docs/highlts/hlldemus.html). The mummy (inventory No. 2639) con- Controversy exists overwhether embalming was already being performed in the Old Kingdom in the course of mummifying the deceased.

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“…Thus, skin and superficial muscles were apparently partly cut away during the mummification process. Others also demonstrated the potential of ancient human bone matrix (Etspüler et al, 1995, 1996; Weser et al, 1996). They isolated, immunologically and biochemically, active alkaline phosphatase from well‐preserved mummified bones (Etspüler et al, 1995, 1996) and from nonmummified bones (Weser et al, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone protects proteins over thousands of years: Extraction, analysis, and interpretation of extracellular matrix proteins in archeological skeletal remains

Schmidt-Schultz

Schultz

2003

American J Phys Anthropol

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In a good state of preservation, bone conserves the entire protein pattern of extracellular bone matrix proteins over thousands of years. The quality of the profiles of matrix proteins isolated from ancient bones (ranging from the pre-Pottery Neolithic Phase to Early Modern Times from different archaeological sites in different geographical areas), separated by electrophoresis, is as good as those from recent bones. Molecules arising from collagenous proteins (e.g., collagen type I), from the noncollagenous group (e.g., osteonectin), and from the immune system (e.g., immunoglobulin G) were identified in Western blots by specific antibodies. A comparative study of the immunoglobulin G content of the bones of five prehistoric children showed the lowest immunoglobulin G content in a child who suffered from chronic scurvy. Ancient bone proteins were also separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. This technique makes fractionation of the complex protein mixtures of extracellular bone matrix more reproducible. Bone retains a chemical memory of earlier metabolic stimuli in its configuration of collagenous and noncollagenous proteins. In combination with the results of the microscopic examination of ancient bone, it should be possible to obtain more reliable information on the history and the evolution of diseases, based on analysis of intact proteins.

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Monoclonal antibodies recognize 2300 years aged alkaline phosphatase

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Proteins in Art, Archaeology, and Paleontology: From Detection to Identification

Proteins in Art, Archaeology, and Paleontology: From Detection to Identification

Peer Reviewed: Embalming In The Old Kingdom Of Pharaonic Egypt

Bone protects proteins over thousands of years: Extraction, analysis, and interpretation of extracellular matrix proteins in archeological skeletal remains

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