Monoglycocalix[4]arene-based nanoparticles for tumor selective drug delivery via GLUT1 recognition of hyperglycolytic cancers

Abstract

We have developed a new strategy of tumor specific glucose transporter (GLUT) mediated selective drug delivery using amphiphilic fluroscent monoglycocalix[4]arene in docetaxel (DTX) encapsulated nanoparticles (NPs) that exhibit significant improvement...

Supramolecular Drug Delivery Systems Based on Host‐Guest Interactions for Nucleic Acid Delivery

“…Although CB (13-15) have been reported, CB [10]s cavity remains the largest in the family with an internal cavity of 870 A o , as the larger macrocycles have inevitably twisted conformations. [23] Study of the Cucurbituril structures indicates that CB (5-8) possess a height of 9.1 A 0 ranging diameters from 13.1-17.5 A 0 and an internal cavity volume of 82-479 A o (Figure 5) [[1]] These CB[n]s (except CB [5]) can complex with organic guests by host-guest hydrophobic interactions and complex with positive groups by ion-dipole interactions.…”

“…They also offer larger range of binding cavities and have higher thermal stability than provided by CDs. [30] Because CB [5] is has too small of a cavity to incorporate drugs and CB [10] being too large for high drug binding affinity, CB [6][7][8] are being utilised commonly in drug delivery applications. Targeting of CB[n]s towards cancerous tissue cells can be achieved via appropriate functionalisation of the nanocapsule with receptor specific functional groups at the cell surface.…”

“…[9] Due to their limited water solubility and hydrophobic character, nonfunctionalised calixarenes have less biomedical applications than cyclodextrins. [10] As a result of the modification at the rims, the CAs may become more water soluble. The popular strategies used were sulphonation and carboxylic group addition at the rims.…”

“…Calixarene's selectivity in releasing drugs into tumour cells makes it an excellent molecular system among the other DDSs used for anticancer drug delivery [9] . Due to their limited water solubility and hydrophobic character, non‐functionalised calixarenes have less biomedical applications than cyclodextrins [10] . As a result of the modification at the rims, the CAs may become more water soluble.…”

“…The presence of folic acid in micelles reduced DOX toxicity, which aided in active targeting in drug delivery(Figure 1). The cytotoxicity tests revealed that drug‐loaded micelles outperformed blank micelles and DOX [10] . The unique property of calixarene to aggregate via hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, resulting in calixarene induced aggregation (CIA) was used to construct supramolecular assemblies with sulfonate calix[4]arene (SC4A) for drug administration.…”