Monolithic Structure-Optical Fiber Sensor with Temperature Compensation for Pressure Measurement

Abstract

In this paper, an optical fiber pressure sensor cascading a diaphragm-assisted Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor comprises an optical fiber, a fused-silica ferrule, and a fused-silica diaphragm. We use a femtosecond laser firstly to fabricate a pit on the end face of the ferrule and then investigate the laser heat conduction welding and deep penetration welding technology for manufacturing the seepage pressure sensor of the all-fused-silica material. We develop a sensor based on a monolithic structured FPI without adhesive bonding by means of all-laser-welding. The pressure characteristics of the sensor have good linearity at different temperatures. Also, the monolithic structured sensor possesses excellent resolution, hysteresis, and long-term stability. The environmental temperature obtained by the FBG is employed to compensate for the difference in seepage pressure at different temperatures, and the difference in seepage pressure responses at different temperatures is shown to be very small after temperature compensation.

Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor System Using Air-Filled Fabry–Pérot Cavity with Variable Pressure

“…Temperature is a key parameter that needs to be monitored and controlled precisely in a wide range of applications, including industrial, chemical, structural, biomedical, and environmental aspects. For the last three decades, various techniques have been developed regarding fiber optic temperature sensors such as fiber-Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors [ 5 ], tapered fiber [ 6 ], waveguide coupling devices using surface plasmon resonance [ 7 ], fiber ring laser demodulation [ 8 ], modified fibers (panda fibers [ 9 ], multicore fiber [ 10 ]), and interferometer-based sensors [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Among these, temperature sensors based on Fabry–Pérot (FP) interferometers have proved to be an attractive option because of their additional advantages of simple structure and easy fabrication.…”

“…Nowadays, different types of FP interferometers are deployed, in terms of their composition and fabrication process. For example, interferometers can belong to the following types (a) fiber-tip: SMF-microfiber [ 11 ], SMF-polyvinyl alcohol [ 12 ]; (b) with diaphragm: FBG-graphene [ 13 , 14 ], MMF-silicon [ 15 ], FBG-fused silica [ 16 ]; (c) without diaphragm [ 17 ]; (d) polymer materials [ 18 ]; (e) inline microcavities [ 19 , 20 ]; (e) multiplexed sensors [ 21 ]; (f) microcantilever [ 22 ], polished materials [ 27 ]. However, each type of sensor has some drawbacks, which limit their application.…”

Research on the High Temperature and High Pressure Gold-Plated Fiber Grating Dual-Parameter Sensing Measurement System

“…In order to achieve the simultaneous response to pressure and temperature, Nan Wang [42] of the PLA Naval Armament Department integrated and multiplexed the optical fiber pressure sensors and temperature compensation gratings to achieve rapid temperature compensation at low and normal temperatures, and complete 8 MPa large-scale highprecision pressure sensing; the response sensitivity was 0.15 nm/MPa. In 2019, Wenhua Wang et al [43] proposed a Fabry-Perot interferometer and FBG cascaded fiber optic pressure sensor, and measured a pressure response of 0-1 MPa and a temperature response from 5.6 to 26.4 • C. In 2021, Qinggeng Fan et al [44] designed a high-sensitivity square diaphragm pressure sensor based on FBG, and conducted theoretical and experimental verifications. The experimental results show that the pressure sensitivity of the sensor is 3.402 pm/kPa, in the range of 0-200 kPa, and the temperature response sensitivity is 19.29 pm/ • C at 20-55 • C; this structure is suitable for low pressure measurement.…”

Fiber Bragg Grating Pressure Sensor Integrated with Epoxy Diaphragm

“…Leal-Junior et al [ 21 ] developed a temperature-insensitive FBG pressure sensor with temperature cross-sensitivity of 0.33 Pa/°C in a pressure range of 0–1.2 kPa. Wang et al [ 22 ] integrated a diaphragm-assisted Fabry-Perot interferometer with a fiber Bragg grating for pressure measurement with temperature compensation. Liu et al [ 23 ] employed an FBG pressure sensor to study the penetration mechanism of jacked piles in viscous soil foundation.…”