Mononuclear Cell Subpopulations During Normal Pregnancy: I. Analysis of Cell Surface Markers Using Conventional Techniques and Monoclonal Antibodies

Lucivero, Giacomo; Selvaggi, Luigi; Dell’Osso, Adriana; Antonaci, Salvatore; Iannone, A.; Bettocchi, Silvia; Bonomo, Lorenzo

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00269.x

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, if one considers the fact that pregnancies may affect the immune systems of the mother and the fetus in a similar way, then maternal blood may be more favourable as controls in a study like ours. Furthermore, it is also evident that alterations in maternal cellular immunity during pregnancy are not very significant [30–36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and functional analysis of human T lymphocytes in early second- and third-trimester fetuses

Zhao

Dai

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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The phenotypic and functional characteristics of fetal lymphocytes are of considerable interest for our understanding of the development of the immune system. Recent advances demonstrate that prenatal contact of allergens and other antigens is possible and also that the fetal T and B cells might be able to response to various stimuli during gestation [1][2][3][4][5][6]. A potential link between prenatal contact with allergens and allergic disease in future life has also been proposed [1]. Mononuclear cells in the human umbilical cord blood collected after delivery at term have been thoroughly studied in the last two decades [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and it is generally accepted that T cells from the neonates are phenotypically and functionally immature. However, currently little is known about the maturational process of fetal T cells during human gestation, due to the difficulties in obtaining, and also ethical dilemmas of working with, human fetal tissues. So far, only a handful of reports documented the phenotypes of T lymphocytes in human fetuses [15][16][17][18][19][20][21], few covered the functional status of these cells [1,2,6].T cells are identified by monoclonal Ab against CD3 and are further divided into CD4 + (helper) and CD8 + (cytotoxic) subsets. The majority of peripheral T cells express ab-TCR, while a small proportion (about 10%) express gd-TCR. CD16 and CD56 are commonly used for the identification of NK cells that do not have T cell surface markers. In the present study, we collected blood samples by ultrasound-guided cordocentesis from umbilical cord of human fetuses at early second-and third-trimester. Phenotypes of the T cell subsets were quantitatively determined by flow cytometry and their functional status analysed in proliferation and cytokine (IL-2, IL-4, IL-16, IL-10, TNF-a and IFN-g) assays.Term cord blood, maternal and healthy unrelated male adult peripheral blood samples were also included as controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects and blood samples SUMMARYThis study was undertaken to investigate the phenotypic and functional status of T lymphocytes of human fetuses from early second-to third-trimester. Cord blood samples were obtained from 19 healthy human fetuses (gestation weeks: 18-36), by cordocentesis, and 16 term newborns (gestation weeks 37-42). Maternal and unrelated male blood samples were also taken as controls. Percentage of lymphocytes in fetal white blood cells was 79·3%, reducing to 40% by term birth, much higher than that of adults. Cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC), prepared by density gradient centrifugation followed by lysis of erythrocytes, were stained using PE-or FITC-labelled monoclonal Abs and analysed by flow cytometry. The frequencies of CD3 + T cells in fetal (40·1%) and neonatal (42·4%) CBMC were significantly lower than that of men (59·6%) and pregnant women (53·6%). Proportions of CD8 + T cells (9·5%), gd-T cells (0·5%) and NK cells (4·8%) in fetal CBMC were also lower than that of neonates (except gd-T cells) and adults. A negative linear corr...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and functional analysis of human T lymphocytes in early second- and third-trimester fetuses

Zhao

Dai

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…However, other fetus äs an allograft, are not fully understood. Many workers have not been able to confirm this finding observations suggest that cell mediated immunity is (7,9,10). depressed (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…is an ectoenzyme which liberales dipeptides from the not detect significant differences (6,7). More recently · * r variations of the T-cell subsets have been investigated d uring pregnaiicy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Pregnancy on Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Activity (CD 26 Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen) of Circulating Lymphocytes

Mentlein¹,

Staves²,

Rix-Matzen³

et al. 1991

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Sununary: Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD 26 leukocyte differentiation antigen) is an enzymic surface marker of a human T lymphocyte subpopulation which has been shown to be associated with their capacity to produce large amounts of interleukin 2 and proliferate strongly in response to mitogenic Stimulation. The peptidase activity on the surface of purified human peripheral mononuclear cells was determined spectrophotometrically with the Substrate glycyl-L-proline-4-nitranilide. The peripheral mononuclear cells of pregnant women exhibited depressed mean dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity when compared with the activity of peripheral mononuclear cells from non-pregnant or male individuals. The gestational age (7 to 20 weeks) of the pregnant collective had no effects on peptidase levels. Women taking oral contraceptives had a slightly lower mean activity than the non-pregnant group not using contraceptives. Thus, reduced dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity of peripheral mononuclear cells might reflect impairement of cellülar immunity during pregnancy.

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Maternal Immunocompetence During Pregnancy

Claman

1993

The Immunology of Human Pregnancy

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Mononuclear Cell Subpopulations During Normal Pregnancy: I. Analysis of Cell Surface Markers Using Conventional Techniques and Monoclonal Antibodies

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Phenotypic and functional analysis of human T lymphocytes in early second- and third-trimester fetuses

Phenotypic and functional analysis of human T lymphocytes in early second- and third-trimester fetuses

Influence of Pregnancy on Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Activity (CD 26 Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen) of Circulating Lymphocytes

Maternal Immunocompetence During Pregnancy

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