Monorchiid and aporocotylid cercariae (Digenea) parasitising the purple clam Amiantis purpurata (Bivalvia, Veneridae) from the Southwestern Atlantic coast

Abstract

Two cercariae, one of them ocellate and with well developed tail (Monorchiidae) and another apharyngeate brevifurcocercous (Aporocotylidae), parasite of Amiantis purpurata (Lamarck, 1818) (Bivalvia, Veneridae) from the Patagonian coast on the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, are described. These reports comprise the second monorchiid intramolluscan infection reported for the Southern Hemisphere and first intramolluscan aporocotylid for the Southern Hemisphere. In addition, this constitutes the first report of aporocotylid intramolluscan stages (parthenita) occupying only the haemocoel of the gills of a marine molluscan host rather than the digestive gland and gonad, the usual site of infection.

Redescription and life cycle of the monorchiid Postmonorcheides maclovini Szidat, 1950 (Digenea) from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean: Morphological and molecular data

“…To date, there are three adults of monorchiid species described from the Argentine Patagonian coast, Monorcheides popovicii Szidat, 1950; Postmonorcheides maclovini Szidat, 1950 and Proctotrema bartolii Carballo, Laurenti & Cremonte, 2011 [2,3]. Nineteen monorchiid cercariae have bivalves as first intermediate host, all belonging to the Order Veneroida and seven of these to the family Veneridae; only 3 of them from the Southern Hemisphere [4][5][6]. The life cycles of 8 species are known, 7 from the Northern Hemisphere [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and 1 from Southern Hemisphere [6].…”

First elucidation of a blood fluke (Electrovermis zappum n. gen., n. sp.) life cycle including a chondrichthyan or bivalve

“…Five cercariae (of which three have been sequenced; Table 2; Fig. 23) have asymmetrical furcae, infect bivalves, and are monophyletic (Holliman, 1961; Gilardoni et al, 2011; Cribb et al, 2017; KEY). Two cercariae ranging in the Gulf of Mexico have symmetrical furcae with a body and tail fin fold (Holliman, 1961; Wardle, 1979).…”

“…1”Arroyo Cangrejo, Buenos Aires province, ArgentinaMerlo et al, 2014 BIVALVIA Donacidae Fleming, 1828 Donax variabilis Say, 1822 Cercaria asymmetrica Holliman, 1961Gulf Beach, Alligator Point, Franklin Co., Florida, USAHolliman, 1961 Electrovermis zappum Warren and Bullard n. gen., n. sp.Northern Gulf of Mexico, Fort Morgan, Alabama, USApresent study Pectinidae Rafinesque, 1815 Argopecten irradians (Lamarck, 1819) Cercaria martini Stunkard, 1983Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USALinton, 1915b; Stunkard, 1983 Pharidae H. Adams and A. Adams, 1856 Ensis macha (Molina, 1872)Aporocotylidae sp.La Tapera, ArgentinaVázquez et al, 2013 Psammobiidae Fleming, 1828 Plebidonax deltoides (Lamarck, 1818) (as Donax )Aporocotylidae sp. NSW1Stockton Beach, New South Wales, AustraliaCribb et al, 2017 Solecurtidae Orbigny, 1846 Tagelus divisus (Spengler, 1794)Aporocotylidae sp.Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Biscayne Bay, Florida, USAFraser, 1967 Solemyidae Gray, 1840 Solemya velum Say, 1822 Cercaria solemyae Martin, 1944Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USAMartin, 1944 Solenidae Lamarck, 1809 Solen viridis (Say, 1821)Aporocotylidae cercaria “type 2”Northern Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi Sound, Mississippi, USApresent study Veneridae Rafinesque, 1815 Amiantis purpurata (Lamarck, 1818)Aporocotylidae sp.El Molino beach, San Matías Gulf, ArgentinaGilardoni et a...…”

Schistosomatoidea and Diplostomoidea

“…In molluscs, the development takes place in the digestive gland. The only record of an exceptional localization in the gill hemocoel has been published by Gilardoni et al [ 92 ] for an unidentifi ed aporocotylid species in the marine venerid clam Amiantis purpurata .…”