Alstonia boonei De Wild is a common
plant in West
Africa used in traditional medicine for various indications. While
the stem bark has frequently been investigated, not much is known
about the phytochemistry and bioactivity of the leaves. Within the
current study, the major alkaloids of a hydroethanolic leaf extract
were therefore isolated and characterized by MS, NMR, and ECD. This
led to the identification of alstoboonine 1, a new ulean-type
alkaloid, along with eight previously reported indole alkaloids, 15-hydroxyangustilobine
A (2), 6,7-seco-angustilobine B (3), 6,7-seco-19,20-α-epoxyangustilobine
B (4), alstrostine E (5), alstrostine C
(6), alstrostine D (7), 12-methoxyechitamidine
(8), and 19-oxo-12-methoxyechitamidine (9). 1 was moderately active in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum NF54 (IC50 6.9 μM), but inactive against other protozoan parasites (Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani). No significant cytotoxic effects were
observed in L6 rat skeletal myoblast cells and MCF-7 breast cancer
cells. Similarly, compounds 3 to 9 did not
show cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells. Due to the reported traditional
use of the plant as an anthelmintic, the major alkaloids 2, 5, 6, and 8 were tested
against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Nematicidal
effects were observed for 6 (LC50 400 μM),
whereas 2, 5, and 8 were inactive.